Discovery of Undescribed Flavonoid and Rotenoid Derivatives From the Leaves of Derris trifoliata With Their Cytotoxic Activity.

Abstract

Phytochemical study on the leaves of Derris trifoliata led to the isolation of five rotenoids (3-7) and 10 flavonoid derivatives (1, 2, 8-15). Three of them, (2S)-5,7-dihydroxy-6-(2-hydroxyethyl)-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-8-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)chroman-4-one (1), keampferol 3-O-[6-O-(E)-feruloyl-β-d-glucopyranosyl]-(1 → 2)-O-[α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 6)-β-d-glucopyranoside (2), and (+)-13-homo-13-oxa-6a,12a-dehydrorotenone (3) were verified by Scifinder as previously undescribed compounds. Their chemical structures were elucidated by using infrared (IR), electronic circular dichroism (ECD), HR-ESI-MS, 1D, and 2D NMR methods. Compounds 1-15 were tested for their cytotoxic activities against SK-LU-1 and HepG2 cell lines. Compounds 4, 8, 14, and 15 showed moderate cytotoxic activities against SK-LU-1 cells with IC₅₀ values ranging from 8.52 to 28.89 µM and against HepG2 cells with IC₅₀ values ranging from 7.11 to 34.85 µM.