Blood Trihalomethanes and Human Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

IF 3.9 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Toxics Pub Date : 2025-01-16 DOI:10.3390/toxics13010060

Miaomiao Fu, Pengyu Xue, Zhuorong Du, Jingsi Chen, Xiaojun Liang, Jiafu Li

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

The control of waterborne diseases through water disinfection is a significant advancement in public health. However, the disinfection process generates disinfection by-products (DBPs), including trihalomethanes (THMs), which are considered to influence the occurrence of cancer. This analysis aims to quantitatively evaluate the relationship between blood concentrations of THMs and cancer. Additionally, the relationship between blood chloroform concentration and cancer is analyzed separately. Following PRISMA guidelines, we conducted a thorough search in the PubMed, Web of Science, and CNKI databases. Statistical analysis was performed using Review Manager 5.4 software. After screening, seven studies meeting the evaluation criteria were included. A total of 1027 blood samples from patients with cancer and 7351 blood samples from the control group were collected. The average concentration of THMs in the blood of the experimental group was 46.71 pg/mL, while it was 36.406 pg/mL in the control group. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (SMD = -0.36, 95% CI: -0.45 to -0.27, p < 0.00001). However, due to the limited research data on the relationship between blood THMs and cancer, the conclusions drawn exhibit high heterogeneity. Additionally, we discussed the carcinogenic mechanisms of THMs, which involve multiple biological pathways such as oxidative stress, DNA adduct formation, and endocrine disruption, with variations in accumulation and target sites potentially leading to different cancer types, for which evidence is currently lacking. In the future, further epidemiological and animal model studies on THMs should be conducted to obtain more accurate conclusions.

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来源期刊

Toxics Chemical Engineering-Chemical Health and Safety

CiteScore

4.50

自引率

10.90%

发文量

681

审稿时长

6 weeks

期刊介绍： Toxics (ISSN 2305-6304) is an international, peer-reviewed, open access journal which provides an advanced forum for studies related to all aspects of toxic chemicals and materials. It publishes reviews, regular research papers, and short communications. Our aim is to encourage scientists to publish their experimental and theoretical results in detail. There is, therefore, no restriction on the maximum length of the papers, although authors should write their papers in a clear and concise way. The full experimental details must be provided so that the results can be reproduced. Electronic files or software regarding the full details of calculations and experimental procedure can be deposited as supplementary material, if it is not possible to publish them along with the text.