Prevalence and predictors of genitourinary syndrome of menopause: a population-based study in middle-aged Brazilian women.

IF 2.8 3区 医学 Q1 OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY
Mariana Rosa Ribeiro Bevilacqua, Lucia Costa-Paiva, Adriana Orcesi Pedro
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Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to determine the prevalence and predictors of genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM) in Brazilian women.

Methods: A cross-sectional population-based household survey was conducted among 749 women aged 45 to 60 years. The dependent variable was the presence of GSM, which was assessed using a pretested structured questionnaire. The independent variables included sociodemographic data, health-related habits and morbidities, self-perception of health, and gynecological background.

Results: The mean age of the participants was 52.5 ± 4.4 years, and the mean age of menopause was 46.4 ± 6.2 years. GSM was prevalent in 51.4% of the women. The most prevalent symptoms were dyspareunia (35%), daily vaginal dryness (25.1%), and intercourse vaginal dryness (24%). Poisson regression analysis demonstrated that global GSM was associated with having a partner, topical estrogen treatment (TET), depression/anxiety, and rheumatological diseases. The genital symptoms of GSM were related to peri/postmenopausal status, TET, multimorbidity, sexual activity, and the absence of vaginal birth. Factors associated with GSM urinary symptoms were negative self-perception of health, having at least one vaginal birth, depression/anxiety, and rheumatological diseases. Sexual symptoms were associated with having a partner, using TET, depression/anxiety, and rheumatic disease. GSM affected the lives of 42.8% of the women to some degree, and 43% discussed their symptoms with their gynecologists.

Conclusions: GSM was prevalent in half of the women in this study, and several factors were associated with its presence. These results highlight the compelling need to understand these factors, improve diagnoses, and increase access to treatment.

绝经期泌尿生殖系统综合征的患病率和预测因素:一项以巴西中年妇女为基础的研究。
目的:本研究旨在确定巴西妇女绝经期泌尿生殖系统综合征(GSM)的患病率和预测因素。方法:对749名年龄在45 ~ 60岁的妇女进行横断面人口调查。因变量是GSM的存在,使用预先测试的结构化问卷进行评估。自变量包括社会人口统计数据、健康相关习惯和发病率、自我健康认知和妇科背景。结果:参与者平均年龄为52.5±4.4岁,平均绝经年龄为46.4±6.2岁。51.4%的女性普遍患有GSM。最常见的症状是性交困难(35%)、每日阴道干燥(25.1%)和性交阴道干燥(24%)。泊松回归分析表明,全球GSM与有伴侣、局部雌激素治疗(TET)、抑郁/焦虑和风湿病有关。GSM的生殖器症状与围绝经期/绝经后状态、TET、多病、性活动和没有阴道分娩有关。与GSM泌尿系统症状相关的因素是消极的健康自我认知、至少有一次阴道分娩、抑郁/焦虑和风湿病。性症状与有伴侣、使用TET、抑郁/焦虑和风湿病有关。GSM在一定程度上影响了42.8%的妇女的生活,43%的妇女与她们的妇科医生讨论过她们的症状。结论:在这项研究中,GSM在一半的女性中普遍存在,并且有几个因素与它的存在有关。这些结果突出了迫切需要了解这些因素,改善诊断和增加获得治疗的机会。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
5.40
自引率
7.40%
发文量
330
审稿时长
3-8 weeks
期刊介绍: ​Menopause, published monthly, provides a forum for new research, applied basic science, and clinical guidelines on all aspects of menopause. The scope and usefulness of the journal extend beyond gynecology, encompassing many varied biomedical areas, including internal medicine, family practice, medical subspecialties such as cardiology and geriatrics, epidemiology, pathology, sociology, psychology, anthropology, and pharmacology. This forum is essential to help integrate these areas, highlight needs for future research, and enhance health care.
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