The brainstem reticular formation pivots abnormal neural transmission in the course of Anorexia Nervosa.

IF 3.2 4区 医学 Q2 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY
Journal of Neural Transmission Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-24 DOI:10.1007/s00702-025-02881-8
Gloria Lazzeri, Carla L Busceti, Alessandra Polzella, Alessandro Frati, Stefano Puglisi-Allegra, Francesco Fornai
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Anorexia nervosa (AN) represents an eating disorder, which features the highest rate of mortality among all psychiatric disorders. The disease prevalence is increasing steadily, and an effective cure is missing. The neurobiology of the disease is largely unknown, and only a few studies were designed to disclose specific brain areas, where altered neural transmission may occur. In AN behavioral alterations surpassing altered feeding are present, which often involve archaic behaviors finalized to the survival of the species. In fact, alterations of sleep and reward-driven behavior accompany the eating disorder, where a disruption of peripheral and central circadian rhythms occurs along with effortful behaviors, aberrant learning and mild cognitive impairment. Abnormal behavior often co-exists with a number of metabolic alterations in peripheral organs. The present article wishes to analyze the potential role of altered brain circuitry within the brainstem reticular formation during AN. In fact, this brain area contains neuronal nuclei and pathways, which are pivotal in connecting eating pattern with archaic behaviorsand autonomic activity within peripheral organs. A number of reticular nuclei releasing catecholamine and non-catecholamine neurotransmittersare evidenced in relationship with altered behavioral states and vegetative control to produce this psycho-metabolic disorder. The relevance of the reticular formation in sustaining the disorder is discussed in the light of developing effective therapeutic strategies.

神经性厌食症(AN)是一种饮食失调,在所有精神疾病中死亡率最高。这种疾病的患病率正在稳步上升,而有效的治疗方法尚未找到。这种疾病的神经生物学原理在很大程度上是未知的,只有少数研究旨在揭示可能发生神经传递改变的特定大脑区域。在AN中,行为改变超越了摄食的改变,这通常涉及到物种生存最终的古老行为。事实上,睡眠和奖励驱动行为的改变伴随着饮食失调,在这种情况下,外围和中心昼夜节律的破坏伴随着努力行为、异常学习和轻度认知障碍。异常行为通常与周围器官的一些代谢改变共存。本文希望分析在AN期间脑干网状结构形成中改变的脑回路的潜在作用。事实上,这个大脑区域包含神经元核和通路,它们是将饮食模式与古老行为和外周器官自主神经活动联系起来的关键。许多网状核释放儿茶酚胺和非儿茶酚胺神经递质与行为状态改变和植物控制有关,从而产生这种精神代谢紊乱。在发展有效的治疗策略的光网状形成的相关性在维持障碍进行了讨论。
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来源期刊
Journal of Neural Transmission
Journal of Neural Transmission 医学-临床神经学
CiteScore
7.20
自引率
3.00%
发文量
112
审稿时长
2 months
期刊介绍: The investigation of basic mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of neurological and psychiatric disorders has undoubtedly deepened our knowledge of these types of disorders. The impact of basic neurosciences on the understanding of the pathophysiology of the brain will further increase due to important developments such as the emergence of more specific psychoactive compounds and new technologies. The Journal of Neural Transmission aims to establish an interface between basic sciences and clinical neurology and psychiatry. It intends to put a special emphasis on translational publications of the newest developments in the field from all disciplines of the neural sciences that relate to a better understanding and treatment of neurological and psychiatric disorders.
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