The reemergence of Streptococcus pyogenes in skin and soft tissue infections: a review of epidemiology, pathogenesis, and management strategies.

IF 3.6 3区医学 Q2 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-24 DOI:10.1097/QCO.0000000000001095

Matteo Bassetti, Daniele Roberto Giacobbe, Barbara Larosa, Annaflavia Lamarina, Antonio Vena, Giorgia Brucci

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Purpose of review: To discuss skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) caused by group A Streptococcus (GAS) by focusing on their pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, and management strategies.

Recent findings: GAS is responsible for a wide range of infections from mild disease to severe fatal invasive infections with high mortality rates. Invasive GAS (iGAS) infections affect both young and old individuals and account for 1.8 million cases worldwide, with a mortality rate of up to 20%. In addition, conditions resulting by immune responses triggered by GAS also contribute to GAS-associated morbidity, and should not be overlooked. GAS has the ability to produce a wide set of virulence factors which contribute to its pathogenicity and its ability to colonize different body site and subsequently cause invasive infections. Management of SSTIs caused by GAS is challenging due to the risk of rapid progression and the risk of developing complications.

Summary: During the COVID-19 pandemic, a relevant increase in iGAS infections has been registered. A constantly updated knowledge of the clinical presentation of iGAS infections is thus necessary to reduce their high mortality rates. Proper recognition and treatment of iGAS infections remain crucial.

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皮肤和软组织感染中再次出现的化脓性链球菌：流行病学，发病机制和管理策略的综述。

综述目的：探讨A群链球菌（GAS）引起的皮肤软组织感染（SSTIs）的发病机制、临床表现和治疗策略。最近的发现：GAS是造成从轻微疾病到严重致命性侵袭性感染的广泛感染的原因，具有高死亡率。侵袭性气体（iGAS）感染影响年轻人和老年人，在全世界有180万例，死亡率高达20%。此外，由GAS引发的免疫反应导致的疾病也导致GAS相关的发病率，这一点不应被忽视。GAS有能力产生一系列广泛的毒力因子，这些毒力因子有助于其致病性和定植不同身体部位并随后引起侵袭性感染的能力。由于有快速进展的风险和发生并发症的风险，气体引起的性传播感染的管理具有挑战性。摘要：在2019冠状病毒病大流行期间，iGAS感染出现了相应的增加。因此，有必要不断更新iGAS感染临床表现的知识，以降低其高死亡率。正确识别和治疗iGAS感染仍然至关重要。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases 医学-传染病学

CiteScore

6.70

自引率

2.60%

发文量

121

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： This reader-friendly, bimonthly resource provides a powerful, broad-based perspective on the most important advances from throughout the world literature. Featuring renowned guest editors and focusing exclusively on two topics, every issue of Current Opinion in Infectious Disease delivers unvarnished, expert assessments of developments from the previous year. Insightful editorials and on-the-mark invited reviews cover key subjects such as HIV infection and AIDS; skin and soft tissue infections; respiratory infections; paediatric and neonatal infections; gastrointestinal infections; tropical and travel-associated diseases; and antimicrobial agents.