Dynamics search of highly magnetized blood laden with copper-gold-titania nanoparticles in a ciliary artery with catheterization and entropy.

IF 1.5 4区 生物学 Q3 BIOLOGY
Electromagnetic Biology and Medicine Pub Date : 2025-01-02 Epub Date: 2024-12-30 DOI:10.1080/15368378.2024.2443835
Tilak Kumar Pal, Sanatan Das
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Biomagnetic fluid dynamics (BFD) is an emerging and promising field within fluid mechanics, focusing on the dynamics of bio-fluids like blood in the presence of magnetic fields. This research is crucial in the medical arena for applications such as medication delivery, diagnostic and therapeutic procedures, prevention of excessive bleeding, and treatment of malignant tumors using magnetic particles. This study delves into the intricacies of blood flow induced by cilia, carrying trihybrid nanoparticles (gold, copper, and titania), within a catheterized arterial annulus under a robust magnetic field. The model incorporates factors like Hall and ion-slip currents (electromagnetic effects on charged particles), metachronal propulsion (movement of cilia for propulsion), viscous dissipation, and entropy. The physical equations in the model are transformed from the laboratory frame to a wave frame and then simplified using conditions like low Reynolds number and long wavelength. Optimal series solutions are obtained through the homotopy perturbation method (HPM). The research explores how various physical parameters shape the bloodstream's features, presenting and analyzing these visually. A notable finding is that an intensification in Hall and ion-slip parameters results in higher blood velocity within the catheterized annulus. Blood cooling is observed with a higher loading of suspended nanoparticles. Entropy generation increases with growing values of Hall and ion-slip parameters, while the reverse trend is noted for the Bejan number. The wall shearing stress (WSS) reduces by 2.84% for 1% increase in Hall parameter. The study also provides a brief overview of how blood boluses (or clumps of blood) are structured under the influence of operating parameters. The modified hybrid nano-blood (MHNB) forms smaller and fewer boluses compared to pure blood (PB). Additionally, longer cilia length results in enhanced trapping of boluses due to stronger recovery motions of the cilia. This research holds potential benefits for practitioners and researchers in diagnosing and assessing conditions such as coronary artery disease, valvular heart disease, and congenital heart abnormalities, as well as for understanding traumatic brain injury and neurological surgeries.

带铜-金-钛纳米颗粒的高磁化血在睫状动脉内的导管化和熵的动力学研究。
生物磁流体动力学(BFD)是流体力学中一个新兴的和有前途的领域,专注于生物流体如血液在磁场存在下的动力学。这项研究在医学领域的应用至关重要,如药物输送,诊断和治疗程序,预防过度出血,以及使用磁性颗粒治疗恶性肿瘤。本研究深入研究了纤毛携带三杂交纳米粒子(金、铜和二氧化钛)在强磁场下导管动脉环内诱导的血流的复杂性。该模型结合了霍尔电流和离子滑移电流(带电粒子的电磁效应)、超负向推进(推动纤毛的运动)、粘性耗散和熵等因素。将模型中的物理方程从实验室坐标系转换为波坐标系,然后利用低雷诺数和长波长等条件进行简化。通过同伦摄动法(HPM)得到了最优级数解。这项研究探索了不同的物理参数如何塑造血液的特征,并以视觉方式呈现和分析这些特征。一个值得注意的发现是,霍尔和离子滑移参数的增强导致导管环内的血流速度加快。血液冷却观察到更高负载的悬浮纳米颗粒。熵的产生随着霍尔参数和离子滑移参数的增大而增大,而Bejan数则相反。霍尔参数每增加1%,壁剪应力(WSS)降低2.84%。该研究还简要概述了在操作参数的影响下,血丸(或血团)是如何形成的。与纯血液(PB)相比,改良的杂交纳米血液(MHNB)形成的体积更小、更少。此外,由于纤毛的恢复运动更强,较长的纤毛长度会导致针剂的捕获增强。这项研究对医生和研究人员在诊断和评估诸如冠状动脉疾病、心脏瓣膜病和先天性心脏异常等疾病以及理解创伤性脑损伤和神经外科手术方面具有潜在的好处。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
3.60
自引率
11.80%
发文量
33
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Aims & Scope: Electromagnetic Biology and Medicine, publishes peer-reviewed research articles on the biological effects and medical applications of non-ionizing electromagnetic fields (from extremely-low frequency to radiofrequency). Topic examples include in vitro and in vivo studies, epidemiological investigation, mechanism and mode of interaction between non-ionizing electromagnetic fields and biological systems. In addition to publishing original articles, the journal also publishes meeting summaries and reports, and reviews on selected topics.
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