The Association Between Gestational Age and Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.

IF 2.7 3区 医学 Q2 OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY
Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology Pub Date : 2025-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-22 DOI:10.1111/ppe.13170
Yiman Zhai, Hao Gou, Xiangjuan Sun
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: With genetics thought to explain a portion of the overall risk of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), environmental risk factors in early life have been proposed. Previous studies on the incidence of T1DM in children or adolescents by gestational age at birth have yielded inconsistent results.

Objectives: To clarify the association between gestational age at birth and T1DM in childhood/adolescence and to offer evidence-based support for the prevention or screening of T1DM.

Data sources: PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library were searched from the inception of the databases to February 7, 2024.

Study selection and data extraction: Data were extracted using a standardised form created a priori, and quality was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS).

Synthesis: Due to the diversity of gestational age groups in the original studies, a Bayesian network meta-analysis was performed to discuss the association of different gestational ages with the risk of T1DM in childhood/adolescence.

Results: A total of 13 studies on children/adolescents with T1DM were included. Compared with the gestational age of 39-40 weeks, gestational ages of < 37 weeks (odds ratio [OR] 1.35, 95% credible interval [CrI] 1.19, 1.53), 33-36 weeks (OR 1.19, 95% CrI 1.11, 1.27), and 37-38 weeks (OR 1.26, 95% CrI 1.21, 1.30) were correlated with an increased risk of T1DM, whereas gestational ages of < 32 weeks (OR 0.61, 95% CrI 0.43, 0.88) and < 33 weeks (OR 0.72, 95% CrI 0.59, 0.87) were correlated with a lower risk.

Conclusions: A higher risk of T1DM was observed in infants born early term or preterm compared to full-term infants. However, the results of this network meta-analysis indicate that extremely or very preterm infants were less likely to develop T1DM. Further studies are needed to validate this in the future.

胎龄与儿童和青少年1型糖尿病的关系:系统回顾和网络荟萃分析
背景:遗传学被认为可以解释1型糖尿病(T1DM)总体风险的一部分,早期生活中的环境风险因素已经被提出。以前关于儿童或青少年按出生胎龄的T1DM发病率的研究得出了不一致的结果。目的:阐明出生胎龄与儿童/青少年T1DM之间的关系,并为预防或筛查T1DM提供循证支持。数据来源:PubMed, Embase, Web of Science和Cochrane Library从数据库建立到2024年2月7日。研究选择和数据提取:使用先验创建的标准化表格提取数据,并使用纽卡斯尔-渥太华量表(NOS)评估质量。综合:由于原始研究中胎龄组的多样性,我们进行了贝叶斯网络荟萃分析,以讨论不同胎龄与儿童期/青春期T1DM风险的关系。结果:共纳入13项关于儿童/青少年T1DM的研究。结论:与足月儿相比,早足月儿或早产儿发生T1DM的风险更高。然而,这项网络荟萃分析的结果表明,极早产儿或极早产儿发展为T1DM的可能性较小。未来需要进一步的研究来验证这一点。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
5.40
自引率
7.10%
发文量
84
审稿时长
1 months
期刊介绍: Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology crosses the boundaries between the epidemiologist and the paediatrician, obstetrician or specialist in child health, ensuring that important paediatric and perinatal studies reach those clinicians for whom the results are especially relevant. In addition to original research articles, the Journal also includes commentaries, book reviews and annotations.
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