Integrative Bioinformatics and Experimental Validation Reveal the Mechanistic Action of Patchouli Alcohol in Prostate Cancer Treatment.

IF 2.2 4区医学 Q4 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Current pharmaceutical biotechnology Pub Date : 2025-01-22 DOI:10.2174/0113892010355513241224101450

Songhui Zhai, Juan Zhao, Jian Cai

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Introduction: Prostate cancer is an androgen-dependent malignancy, and the use of androgen deprivation therapies frequently results in treatment resistance, relapse, and the development of aggressive castration-resistant tumors. Patchouli alcohol, a tricyclic sesquiterpene derived from Pogostemon cablin of the Labiatae family, has demonstrated potential in modulating inflammatory responses and tumor progression. This study aimed to investigate the mechanisms through which patchouli alcohol influences inflammatory pathways associated with prostate cancer using bioinformatics and experimental validation.

Methods: Differentially Expressed Genes (DEGs) were identified from the GSE46602 dataset, containing 36 prostate cancer and 14 normal prostate biopsy samples, using the GEO2R tool (adjusted P < 0.05). Functional annotation was performed using GO and KEGG databases, while PPI networks were constructed via STRING and Cytoscape. Key hub genes were identified. To validate the bioinformatics findings, qPCR and Western blotting were employed to confirm the differential expression of selected hub genes in DU145 prostate cancer cells treated with patchouli oil.

Results: Bioinformatic analysis revealed 71 DEGs, including 35 upregulated and 36 downregulated genes. Thirteen hub genes were identified (DCK, APRT, ADK, KCNK9, ADSL, PKM, KCNK3, S100A10, ENTPD2, PKLR, ARHGEF38, TPK1, and AK5), which were enriched in pathways, such as MAPK, PI3K-Akt, Ras, and Rap1. Experimental validation confirmed the upregulation of DCK, APRT, KCNK9, ADSL, PKM, S100A10, ENTPD2, PKLR, ARHGEF38, and AK5, and the downregulation of ADK, KCNK3, and TPK1 at both the mRNA and protein levels.

Conclusion: Patchouli alcohol appears to influence multiple hub genes associated with prostate cancer progression through its modulation of key cellular signaling and metabolic pathways. These findings support its potential role as a therapeutic agent for prostate cancer.

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来源期刊

Current pharmaceutical biotechnology 医学-生化与分子生物学

CiteScore

5.60

自引率

3.60%

发文量

203

审稿时长

6 months

期刊介绍： Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology aims to cover all the latest and outstanding developments in Pharmaceutical Biotechnology. Each issue of the journal includes timely in-depth reviews, original research articles and letters written by leaders in the field, covering a range of current topics in scientific areas of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology. Invited and unsolicited review articles are welcome. The journal encourages contributions describing research at the interface of drug discovery and pharmacological applications, involving in vitro investigations and pre-clinical or clinical studies. Scientific areas within the scope of the journal include pharmaceutical chemistry, biochemistry and genetics, molecular and cellular biology, and polymer and materials sciences as they relate to pharmaceutical science and biotechnology. In addition, the journal also considers comprehensive studies and research advances pertaining food chemistry with pharmaceutical implication. Areas of interest include: DNA/protein engineering and processing Synthetic biotechnology Omics (genomics, proteomics, metabolomics and systems biology) Therapeutic biotechnology (gene therapy, peptide inhibitors, enzymes) Drug delivery and targeting Nanobiotechnology Molecular pharmaceutics and molecular pharmacology Analytical biotechnology (biosensing, advanced technology for detection of bioanalytes) Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics Applied Microbiology Bioinformatics (computational biopharmaceutics and modeling) Environmental biotechnology Regenerative medicine (stem cells, tissue engineering and biomaterials) Translational immunology (cell therapies, antibody engineering, xenotransplantation) Industrial bioprocesses for drug production and development Biosafety Biotech ethics Special Issues devoted to crucial topics, providing the latest comprehensive information on cutting-edge areas of research and technological advances, are welcome. Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology is an essential journal for academic, clinical, government and pharmaceutical scientists who wish to be kept informed and up-to-date with the latest and most important developments.