Cultural Effects on the Performance of Older Haitian Immigrants on Timed Cognitive Tests.

Medical research archives Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-30 DOI:10.18103/mra.v12i11.5868
Marie Adonis-Rizzo, Ruth M Tappen, Monica Rosselli, David Newman, Joshua Conniff, Jinwoo Jang, KwangSoo Yang, Borko Furht
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Abstract

Background: Ignoring the cultural factors that can affect performance on cognitive tests may result in use of tests that have not been validated for that group. One example is testing of Haitian Creole speaking adults who are increasingly affected by Alzheimer's disease and related dementias, for whom few tests have been validated.

Aims: Our purpose is to describe differences in timed test performance between Haitian Creole and English-speaking participants and explore factors that may account for any differences in results found.

Methods: Data was obtained from an ongoing longitudinal driving and cognition study "In Vehicle Sensors to Detect Cognitive Change in Older Drivers." Two groups consisting of 12 Creole speaking and 12 English speaking older adults were matched by age and gender. Test scores were selected from the battery of tests administered in the parent study. The measures were translated by two bilingual Creole-English researchers. Group performance on five timed cognitive tests commonly used in research was compared.

Results: The English-speaking group's mean scores were significantly higher than the Creole speaking group on the MoCA and the timed Animal category fluency, letter P fluency, Stroop Color Test, and Trail Making Test A and B. The most significant effects were noted in Letter P fluency, Trail Making Test A and B and Animal category fluency where the differences had large effect sizes. However, the Creole speaking group had higher mean scores than the English-Speaking group on the Stroop Color Word Test, although the difference was not statistically significant. It was not feasible to match education levels due to the differences in years of education across the groups. These results highlight the significant role of culture and linguistic context in cognitive task performance.

Conclusions: The results suggest performance in cognitive testing among non-English speaking groups may be impacted by cultural factors related to time perception and the testing approach employed, leading to misinterpretation and misdiagnosis. Future studies should explore the fairness of various cognitive testing approaches with Haitian older adults and other societies with cultures and educational approaches different from those of Western cultures.

文化对老年海地移民时间认知测试表现的影响。
背景:忽略可能影响认知测试表现的文化因素可能导致使用未经该群体验证的测试。一个例子是对海地说克里奥尔语的成年人进行测试,这些成年人越来越多地受到阿尔茨海默病和相关痴呆症的影响,但很少有测试得到验证。目的:我们的目的是描述海地克里奥尔语和英语参与者在时间测试表现上的差异,并探讨可能导致结果差异的因素。方法:数据来自一项正在进行的纵向驾驶和认知研究“在车辆传感器中检测老年驾驶员的认知变化”。两组分别由12名说克里奥尔语和12名说英语的老年人组成,按年龄和性别进行匹配。测试分数是从父母研究中进行的一系列测试中选择的。测量结果由两名双语克里奥尔-英语研究人员翻译。比较了研究中常用的五种定时认知测试的小组表现。结果:英语组在MoCA和计时动物类别流畅性、字母P流畅性、Stroop颜色测试和小径制作测试A和B方面的平均得分显著高于克里奥尔语组,其中字母P流畅性、小径制作测试A和B和动物类别流畅性方面的影响最为显著,差异具有较大的效应量。然而,在Stroop颜色单词测试中,说克里奥尔语的组比说英语的组平均得分更高,尽管差异在统计上并不显著。由于各组受教育年限的差异,使教育水平相匹配是不可行的。这些结果强调了文化和语言语境在认知任务表现中的重要作用。结论:非英语群体的认知测试表现可能受到与时间感知相关的文化因素和所采用的测试方法的影响,从而导致误解和误诊。未来的研究应该探索各种认知测试方法在海地老年人和其他文化和教育方法不同于西方文化的社会中的公平性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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