Hearing Loss as a Risk Factor for Dementia: A Nationwide 15-Year Follow-Up Cohort Study in Taiwan.

IF 3.2 3区医学 Q2 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY

Neuroepidemiology Pub Date : 2025-01-21 DOI:10.1159/000542602

Jia-Fu Lee, Chun-Chia Lai, Chi-Hsiang Chung, Tzu-Hsuan Weng, Yao-Ching Huang, Shi-Hao Huang, Bing-Long Wang, Pi-Ching Yu, Wu-Chien Chien

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Abstract

Introduction: Although hearing loss is associated with dementia, the exact causal relationship between hearing loss and dementia remains unclear. Early detection and prevention of hearing loss are essential. In this study, data from the National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) of Taiwan were used to monitor patients with hearing loss for 15 years to determine whether hearing loss leads to dementia.

Methods: This retrospective matched-cohort study involved 208,570 individuals, divided into 41,714 patients with hearing loss and 166,856 controls matched by sex, age, and chronic diseases. Cox regression analysis was conducted on data obtained from the NHIRD for the period 2000-2015 to determine the hazard ratio (HR) associated with dementia.

Results: The percentage of patients with hearing loss who developed dementia was higher than that of the control group (18.67% vs. 14.10%). The onset age of dementia was younger in the hearing loss group (69.95 vs. 70.31 years, p = 0.001). Middle-aged individuals (45-65 years) with hearing loss were more likely to develop dementia compared with those without hearing loss (48.53% vs. 47.94%, p = 0.03). Compared with the controls, the patients with hearing loss were more likely to develop hyperlipidemia and stroke. In the patients with hearing loss, the adjusted HRs for Alzheimer's disease (AD), vascular dementia, and other types of dementia were significant. The patients were followed up for an average of 7.82 years. Compared with the controls, the patients with hearing loss exhibited a shorter mean time to dementia onset (5.21 vs. 5.49 years, p < 0.001).

Conclusion: Hearing loss may increase the risks of AD, dementia, hyperlipidemia, and stroke. Therefore, health-care providers should closely monitor cardiovascular complications in patients with hearing loss.

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听力损失是痴呆的危险因素：台湾一项全国性的15年随访队列研究。

虽然听力损失与痴呆有关，但听力损失与痴呆之间的确切因果关系尚不清楚。早期发现和预防听力损失至关重要。本研究使用台湾健保研究资料库（NHIRD）的资料，监测听力损失患者15年，以确定听力损失是否会导致失智。方法：这项回顾性匹配队列研究涉及208,570人，分为41,714名听力损失患者和166,856名对照组，按性别、年龄和慢性疾病匹配。对NHIRD 2000-2015年期间的数据进行Cox回归分析，以确定与痴呆相关的风险比（HR）。结果：听力损失患者发生痴呆的比例高于对照组（18.67% vs. 14.10%）。听力损失组痴呆发病年龄更年轻（69.95岁vs. 70.31岁，p = 0.001）。有听力损失的中年人（45-65岁）比没有听力损失的人更容易患痴呆症（48.53%比47.94%,p = 0.03）。与对照组相比，听力损失患者更容易发生高脂血症和中风。在听力损失患者中，阿尔茨海默病（AD）、血管性痴呆和其他类型痴呆的调整hr显著。随访时间平均为7.82年。与对照组相比，听力损失患者发生痴呆的平均时间更短（5.21年对5.49年，p < 0.001）。结论：听力损失可能增加阿尔茨海默病、痴呆、高脂血症和中风的风险。因此，卫生保健提供者应密切监测听力损失患者的心血管并发症。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Neuroepidemiology 医学-公共卫生、环境卫生与职业卫生

CiteScore

9.90

自引率

1.80%

发文量

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： ''Neuroepidemiology'' is the only internationally recognised peer-reviewed periodical devoted to descriptive, analytical and experimental studies in the epidemiology of neurologic disease. The scope of the journal expands the boundaries of traditional clinical neurology by providing new insights regarding the etiology, determinants, distribution, management and prevention of diseases of the nervous system.