Effectively capturing memory deficits: New advances in the use of the In-out-Test for cognitive Test post-stroke.

IF 1.4 4区心理学 Q4 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY

Applied Neuropsychology-Adult Pub Date : 2025-01-17 DOI:10.1080/23279095.2025.2451627

Xiao Fei, Jing Zhang, Yue Shi, Jing Guo, Fan Xie, Yi Zhang

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Objective: This study evaluated the reliability and validity of the In-Out-Test for detecting episodic memory deficits in stroke patients and explored its potential as a clinical test.

Methods: A total of 75 stroke patients and 120 healthy controls underwent tests, including the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Picture-Based Memory Impairment Screen (PMIS), and In-Out-Test. Reliability metrics (Cronbach's α, inter-scorer reliability, test-retest reliability), criterion validity, corrected item-total correlation, hierarchical regression analysis and ROC curve analysis were performed to determine the sensitivity and specificity of the In-Out-Test.

Results: Stroke patients scored lower across all tests (p < 0.001), with the largest difference in the In-Out-Test (d = 0.99). The In-Out-Test correlated strongly with other cognitive tests (r = 0.79-0.85 in stroke patients; r = 0.66-0.78 in controls). It explained an additional 4.5% of variance in MoCA-MIS scores (p < 0.001). Reliability was high (Cronbach's α = 0.835; inter-rater ICCs = 0.911-0.925; test-retest ICCs = 0.764-0.802). ROC analysis showed an AUC of 0.747, with a sensitivity of 0.708 and specificity of 0.680 at a cutoff of 10.5.

Conclusion: Preliminary findings indicated that the In-Out-Test showed potential in detecting episodic memory impairments in stroke patients, warranting further validation in larger cohorts.

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有效捕获记忆缺陷：脑卒中后认知测试中使用输入输出测试的新进展。

目的：本研究评估脑卒中患者情景记忆缺陷的in - out测试的信度和效度，并探讨其作为临床测试的潜力。方法：对75例脑卒中患者和120名健康对照者进行测试，包括简易精神状态检查（MMSE）、蒙特利尔认知评估（MoCA）、基于图像的记忆障碍筛查（PMIS）和输入输出测试。采用信度指标（Cronbach’s α、评分者间信度、重测信度）、效度、校正项目-总相关、层次回归分析和ROC曲线分析来确定in - out test的敏感性和特异性。结果：卒中患者在所有测试中的得分均较低（p d = 0.99）。卒中患者的in - out测试与其他认知测试相关性强（r = 0.79-0.85）；对照组R = 0.66-0.78)。它解释了MoCA-MIS评分中另外4.5%的差异(p)。结论：初步研究结果表明，in - out - test在检测卒中患者的情景记忆障碍方面具有潜力，值得在更大的队列中进一步验证。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Applied Neuropsychology-Adult CLINICAL NEUROLOGY-PSYCHOLOGY

CiteScore

4.50

自引率

11.80%

发文量

134

期刊介绍： pplied Neuropsychology-Adult publishes clinical neuropsychological articles concerning assessment, brain functioning and neuroimaging, neuropsychological treatment, and rehabilitation in adults. Full-length articles and brief communications are included. Case studies of adult patients carefully assessing the nature, course, or treatment of clinical neuropsychological dysfunctions in the context of scientific literature, are suitable. Review manuscripts addressing critical issues are encouraged. Preference is given to papers of clinical relevance to others in the field. All submitted manuscripts are subject to initial appraisal by the Editor-in-Chief, and, if found suitable for further considerations are peer reviewed by independent, anonymous expert referees. All peer review is single-blind and submission is online via ScholarOne Manuscripts.