Assessing the Impact of Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions During the COVID-19 Pandemic on RSV Seasonality in Europe

IF 4.3 4区医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses Pub Date : 2025-01-21 DOI:10.1111/irv.70066

Susanne Heemskerk, Christos Baliatsas, Foekje Stelma, Harish Nair, John Paget, Peter Spreeuwenberg

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background

During the COVID-19 pandemic, atypical respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) circulation patterns emerged, with the occurrence of RSV activity outside the typical winter season. This study investigates the impact of COVID-19 and associated non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) on RSV seasonality.

Methods

The onset, offset and peak of RSV epidemics from 2018 to 2022 across 12 European countries were determined using the 3% positivity threshold method. A multilevel longitudinal logit regression model for proportions assessed the associations between five NPIs (school closures, mask use, workplace measures, public gathering restrictions and closure of public spaces) and RSV, utilising RSV surveillance data, two NPI databases (ECDC-JRC and Oxford) and COVID-19 surveillance data.

Results

Before 2020, consistent RSV seasonality patterns were observed, but the seasonal increase of RSV-positive cases in winter remained absent during the COVID-19 pandemic (2020–2022). Analysis revealed inconsistent associations between individual NPIs and RSV. The associations differed depending on the data source used (ECDC-JRC or Oxford), not only in magnitude but also in the direction of the coefficients. Public gathering restrictions and closure of public spaces exhibited significant negative associations with RSV incidence. However, this was only observed when using surveillance data for the entire epidemiological year and not when only examining weeks with increased RSV activity.

Conclusions

This study highlights the need for standardised international data collection and procedures for infectious disease modelling, as varying NPI implementations, NPI registration and RSV surveillance across countries complicate the understanding of RSV dynamics during the pandemic. Caution is recommended when interpreting the effects of NPIs on RSV circulation.

查看原文本刊更多论文

评估COVID-19大流行期间非药物干预措施对欧洲RSV季节性的影响

背景：在2019冠状病毒病大流行期间，出现了非典型呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）的传播模式，RSV活动在典型冬季之外发生。本研究调查了COVID-19和相关的非药物干预措施（npi）对RSV季节性的影响。方法：采用3%阳性阈值法测定欧洲12个国家2018 - 2022年RSV流行的发病、偏移和高峰。利用RSV监测数据、两个NPI数据库（ECDC-JRC和Oxford）和COVID-19监测数据，一个多层纵向logit比例回归模型评估了五个NPI（学校关闭、口罩使用、工作场所措施、公共集会限制和公共场所关闭）与RSV之间的关联。结果：2020年之前RSV季节性特征基本一致，但2020-2022年冬季RSV阳性病例未出现季节性增加。分析显示个体npi与RSV之间的关联不一致。根据所使用的数据源（ECDC-JRC或Oxford），关联有所不同，不仅在量级上，而且在系数的方向上。限制公共集会和关闭公共场所与RSV发病率呈显著负相关。然而，这只是在使用整个流行病学年度的监测数据时才观察到的，而不是在仅检查RSV活动增加的周时观察到的。结论：本研究强调需要标准化的国际数据收集和传染病建模程序，因为各国不同的新感染pi实施、新感染pi登记和RSV监测使对大流行期间RSV动态的理解复杂化。在解释npi对呼吸道合胞病毒循环的影响时，建议谨慎。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses 医学-病毒学

CiteScore

7.20

自引率

4.50%

发文量

120

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses is the official journal of the International Society of Influenza and Other Respiratory Virus Diseases - an independent scientific professional society - dedicated to promoting the prevention, detection, treatment, and control of influenza and other respiratory virus diseases. Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses is an Open Access journal. Copyright on any research article published by Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses is retained by the author(s). Authors grant Wiley a license to publish the article and identify itself as the original publisher. Authors also grant any third party the right to use the article freely as long as its integrity is maintained and its original authors, citation details and publisher are identified.