The role of nanoparticles in transforming plant genetic engineering: advancements, challenges and future prospects

IF 3.9 4区生物学 Q1 GENETICS & HEREDITY

Functional & Integrative Genomics Pub Date : 2025-01-22 DOI:10.1007/s10142-025-01528-x

Neelam Rani, Kusum Kumari, Vinita Hooda

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Abstract

Despite years of progress in biotechnology, altering the genetic makeup of many plant species, especially their plastids, remains challenging. The existence of a cell wall poses a significant obstacle to the effectual transportation of biomolecules. Developing efficient methods to introduce genes into plant cells and organelles without causing harm is an ongoing area of research. Traditional approaches like Agrobacterium-mediated transformation, biolistic particle delivery, electroporation and polyethylene glycol (PEG) transformation have shown some success but come with limitations like laborious, time-consuming and causing tissue damage. For instance, the Agrobacterium method can be applied only to the restricted host range, while PEG transformation and biolistic particle delivery are not very efficient. In contrast, nanotechnology made an appearance in the field of genetic engineering. Nanoparticles act as delivery vehicles for many cargos in animals. However, in plants, the application of nanocarriers for the delivery of biomolecules is still in its infant stage. Nonetheless, it holds immense potential for the future of plant biotechnology and genome editing.

Graphical Abstract

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纳米颗粒在转化植物基因工程中的作用：进展、挑战和未来展望

尽管生物技术取得了多年的进步，但改变许多植物物种的基因组成，特别是它们的质体，仍然具有挑战性。细胞壁的存在对生物分子的有效运输构成了重大障碍。开发有效的方法将基因导入植物细胞和细胞器而不造成伤害是一个正在进行的研究领域。传统的方法，如农杆菌介导的转化、生物颗粒传递、电穿孔和聚乙二醇（PEG）转化已经取得了一些成功，但也有一些局限性，比如费力、耗时和造成组织损伤。例如，农杆菌方法只能应用于有限的宿主范围，而PEG转化和生物颗粒传递的效率并不高。相比之下，纳米技术在基因工程领域崭露头角。纳米颗粒在动物体内充当许多货物的运输工具。然而，在植物中，纳米载体用于生物分子的递送仍处于起步阶段。尽管如此，它对未来的植物生物技术和基因组编辑具有巨大的潜力。图形抽象

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Functional & Integrative Genomics 生物-遗传学

CiteScore

3.50

自引率

3.40%

发文量

审稿时长

2 months

期刊介绍： Functional & Integrative Genomics is devoted to large-scale studies of genomes and their functions, including systems analyses of biological processes. The journal will provide the research community an integrated platform where researchers can share, review and discuss their findings on important biological questions that will ultimately enable us to answer the fundamental question: How do genomes work?