A Study of Event Position Dependence for the AMoRE-II R&D detectors with \(\hbox {Li}_{2}\hbox {MoO}_{4}\) Crystal Absorbers

Abstract

The AMoRE collaboration conducts experiments to search for the neutrinoless double beta decay of \(^{100}\)Mo using massive \(\hbox {Li}_{2}\hbox {MoO}_{4}\) (LMO) crystals in a cryogenic calorimetric detection with metallic magnetic calorimeters (MMCs). The detector module incorporates a light detector with Si or Ge wafers, enabling the simultaneous detection of scintillation light. The forthcoming phase (AMoRE-II) of the experiment will include 6 cm (diameter) \(\times\) 6 cm (height) LMO cylindrical crystals, and this has been chosen to reduce the number of crystals and sensors. Additionally, these crystals will have diffusive surfaces rather than polished ones, which helps to reduce the crystal preparation time. The phonon signal of crystals with diffusive surfaces is slower than that of polished crystals. However, due to the mitigated position dependence, diffusive crystals exhibit better discrimination between \(\alpha\) and \(\beta\)/\(\gamma\) signals by pulse shape analysis. We also found that muon events show two bands in the rise time of the large LMO crystal with polished surface, indicating the muon passage at the edge of the crystal, and the band structure is significantly mitigated in the crystals with the diffusive surfaces. To study the position dependence in the crystal absorber further, we irradiated some R&D detectors with localized \(\alpha\) sources. This paper discusses the particle identification and position dependence of \(\gamma\), \(\alpha\), and muon events for the large AMoRE-II type detectors based on the pulse shape analysis.