Interlayer-expanded carbon anodes with exceptional rates and long-term cycling via kinetically decoupled carbonization

IF 38.6 1区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Joule Pub Date : 2025-01-21 DOI:10.1016/j.joule.2024.101812

Zhiheng Cheng, Hao Zhang, Junfeng Cui, Jiale Zhao, Shuai Dai, Zhaoxin Zhang, Kecheng Song, Siyu Wang, Yakun Yuan, Qinlong Chen, Xueqian Kong, Long Qie, Lixia Yuan, Haiping Yang, Shuze Zhu, Yongjin Fang, Yunhui Huang, Yonggang Yao

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Abstract

Conventional carbonization is often energy-intensive, time consuming, and characterized by tightly coupled sub-processes that yield hard-to-control structures and compromised performance. This study introduces a kinetically decoupled carbonization strategy tailored for carbon anodes in sodium-ion batteries. The process involves a pyrolysis (700°C, 1 h) followed by rapid high-temperature heating (1,950°C, 22 s), enabling efficient impurity removal and swift carbon crystallization with minimal graphitization, alongside an ∼80% energy reduction. The obtained expanded carbon (EC) exhibits larger grain sizes and expanded interlayer, rendering higher capacity, exceptional rate, and long-term stability (>6,000 cycles at a current rate of 10 C) than current carbon anodes. Mechanistic investigations reveal a wide intercalation potential range (2–0.01 V) in EC without inducing detrimental sodium clustering, thereby supporting expanded layers and easy intercalation for high capacity, fast charging, and robust stability. Our strategy provides a precise, energy-efficient pathway to develop desirable carbonaceous materials for batteries and advanced applications.

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来源期刊

Joule Energy-General Energy

CiteScore

53.10

自引率

2.00%

发文量

198

期刊介绍： Joule is a sister journal to Cell that focuses on research, analysis, and ideas related to sustainable energy. It aims to address the global challenge of the need for more sustainable energy solutions. Joule is a forward-looking journal that bridges disciplines and scales of energy research. It connects researchers and analysts working on scientific, technical, economic, policy, and social challenges related to sustainable energy. The journal covers a wide range of energy research, from fundamental laboratory studies on energy conversion and storage to global-level analysis. Joule aims to highlight and amplify the implications, challenges, and opportunities of novel energy research for different groups in the field.