Gyro‐Multigrid Triboelectric Nanogenerator via Topological Defects Strategy for Efficiently Harvesting Low‐Grade Wave Energy

Abstract

Wave energy is a promising sustainable energy yet to be fully exploited due to the low frequency and broad‐banded wave fields, so much so that difficult to capture, resulting in low efficiency and limited power output from current many wave energy harvesters. Here, a topological defect gyro‐multigrid triboelectric nanogenerator (TD‐GM‐TENG) is proposed that harnesses the mechanical energy of ocean waves to generate electricity and promotes the accumulation of triboelectric charge on the basis of realized from low to high rotation speed under the precession and gravitation acceleration effects. It benefited from topological defect strategy, TD‐GM‐TENG offers a charge transfer rate of 3.1 µC s−1 that when can reach to a speed of nearly 1000 rpm at the wave frequency of 1 Hz. Furthermore, the charge density reaches 90 µC m−2 in a cycle of 0.06 s, which is 1.6 times higher than the same kind of spherical‐TENGs in the field of ocean energy harvesting. Finally, TD‐GM‐TENG unit outputs a peak power of 3.7 mW at the simulated water wave environment of 1 Hz and demonstrates its applicability and feasibility of being used as a distributed emergency power supply in the offshoring observation and early warning services.