Neighborhood environment and cognitive functioning in middle-aged and older population: A mediating role of physical activity

IF 4.5 2区医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

International journal of hygiene and environmental health Pub Date : 2025-01-13 DOI:10.1016/j.ijheh.2025.114521

A. Dalecká , A. Kšiňan , D. Szabó , N. Čapková , H. Pikhart , M. Bobák

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background

Evidence on the impact of complex neighborhood environment, including air pollution, greenness, and neighborhood socioeconomic deprivation (nSED) on cognitive health in older adults remains scarce. Both cognition and neighborhood environment are associated with physical activity, but little is known about the potential mediating role of physical activity in this association.

Methods

Cross-sectional data of the Czech arm of the HAPIEE cohort study examined 4,178 participants (55.6% women) aged 45–69 years. Global cognitive score was constructed from memory, verbal fluency, and concentration domains. The exposures, assigned to participant's addresses, include 4-year (2000–2003) average concentrations of PM_2.5, greenness index calculated from tree crown canopy cover estimation (2000), and census-based nSED characteristics. Physical activity and other covariates were assessed by a questionnaire. Structural equation modelling was used to estimate standardized β coefficients for the relationships between neighborhood environment, physical activity and cognitive performance.

Results

After controlling for a range of covariates, global cognitive function was inversely associated with PM_2.5 (β = −0.087; 95%CI: 0.122 to −0.052) and nSED (β = −0.147; 95%CI: 0.182 to −0.115), and positively associated with greenness (β = 0.036; 95%CI: 0.001 to 0.069). We identified a weak but statistically significant mediating role of physical activity in the associations of PM_2.5 exposures and nSED on global cognitive score. Total mediation proportions ranged from 3.9% to 6.5% for nSED and PM_2.5, respectively.

Conclusions

The neighborhood environment was associated with cognitive health in older individuals; the associations were partially mediated by physical activity.

Abstract Image

查看原文本刊更多论文

中老年人群的社区环境与认知功能：体育活动的中介作用。

背景：关于复杂的邻里环境，包括空气污染、绿化和邻里社会经济剥夺（nSED）对老年人认知健康影响的证据仍然很少。认知和邻里环境都与身体活动有关，但对身体活动在这种联系中的潜在中介作用知之甚少。方法：HAPIEE队列研究捷克组的横断面数据检查了4178名年龄在45-69岁之间的参与者（55.6%为女性）。整体认知评分是由记忆、语言流畅性和注意力领域构成的。这些暴露量被分配到参与者的地址，包括4年（2000-2003年）PM2.5的平均浓度、根据树冠覆盖度估算（2000年）计算的绿化指数，以及基于人口普查的nSED特征。身体活动和其他协变量通过问卷进行评估。采用结构方程模型估计邻里环境、身体活动和认知表现之间关系的标准化β系数。结果：在控制了一系列协变量后，整体认知功能与PM2.5呈负相关(β = -0.087；95%CI: 0.122 ~ -0.052)和nSED (β = -0.147；95%CI: 0.182 ~ -0.115)，且与绿色度呈正相关(β = 0.036；95%CI: 0.001 ~ 0.069)。我们发现身体活动在PM2.5暴露和nSED对全球认知评分的关联中具有微弱但统计学上显著的中介作用。nSED和PM2.5的总中介比例分别为3.9% ~ 6.5%。结论：社区环境与老年人认知健康相关；这种关联部分由体育活动介导。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

International journal of hygiene and environmental health 医学-传染病学

CiteScore

11.50

自引率

5.00%

发文量

151

审稿时长

22 days

期刊介绍： The International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health serves as a multidisciplinary forum for original reports on exposure assessment and the reactions to and consequences of human exposure to the biological, chemical, and physical environment. Research reports, short communications, reviews, scientific comments, technical notes, and editorials will be peer-reviewed before acceptance for publication. Priority will be given to articles on epidemiological aspects of environmental toxicology, health risk assessments, susceptible (sub) populations, sanitation and clean water, human biomonitoring, environmental medicine, and public health aspects of exposure-related outcomes.