Magnitude of urban malaria and its associated risk factors in Damboya town, Kambata zone, Central Ethiopia

IF 2 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Parasite Epidemiology and Control Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI:10.1016/j.parepi.2024.e00398

Biruk Mulachew , Temesgen Bezuayehu , Solomon Asnake

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background

As Sub-Saharan African country urban malaria is potential catastrophe in Ethiopia, particularly in relation to rapidly growing small towns, which requires updating the epidemiology of malaria. There was lack of information regarding the study area, hence this study was designed to determine the prevalence of malaria and associated risk factors in Damboya town.

Methods

A Community-based cross-sectional study was carried from March 7 to May 29, 2023 among 422 randomly selected participants. Prevalence of malaria was determined using microscopic examination of thick and thin smear and rapid diagnostic test using kits to standard of the manufacturer. Pretested structured questionnaire was employed to collect socio-demographic data and associated risk factors. Data were entered in Epi data 3.1 and analyzed using SPSS version 25 software. Factors associated with malaria was analyzed using bivariable and multivariable binary logistic regression. The strength of the association was determined by computing Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) at Malaria is one of the most vital leading cause of morbidity and mortality in developing countries particularly in Sub Saharan Africa (Bugssa and Tedla, 2020). About 95 % of all malaria cases and 96 % of all malaria deaths in 2021 occurred in Africa (Bugssa and Tedla, 2020). Sub-Saharan Africa accounted for 60 % of global cases and 90 % of global fatalities (WHO, 2022). Over the two peak years of the pandemic (2020–2021), COVID-related setbacks increased malaria cases by around 13 million and fatalities by 63,000 (WHO, 2022). Malaria is thought to directly cost Africa $12 billion annually and reduce GDP growth by 3 %. In addition, it is thought to cause cognitive disorders and school absences, which are barriers to the development of human capital (Monroe et al., 2022). 95 % confidence interval (CI) and p-value of < 0.05.

Result

The prevalence of malaria was 5 % (20, 95 % CI: 3–7), Plasmodium vivix account for 14 (61.9 %) of the infection. Presence of stagnant water (AOR = 3.630, 95 % CI: 1–13, P < 0.049), unavailability of Insecticide-treated bed net (AOR = 3.89, 95 % CI: 1.08–14.01, P < 0.038), living in a house with eaves (AOR = 5.06, 95 %CI: 1.25–20.58, p < 0.023), travel history (AOR = 3.58, 95 %CI: 1–12.79, p < 0.049), low-income (AOR = 5.3, 95 %CI: 1.09–25.2, P < 0.038), were significantly associated with malaria occurrence.

Conclusion

Malaria is still a public health concern in Damboya town. Thus, implementing intervention strategies properly and evaluate the access and utilization status of the suburb community and improve accordingly was required to interrupt the transmission in the community of this town.

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埃塞俄比亚中部坎巴塔地区丹博亚镇城市疟疾程度及其相关危险因素。

背景：作为撒哈拉以南非洲国家，城市疟疾在埃塞俄比亚是潜在的灾难，特别是与快速发展的小城镇有关，这需要更新疟疾流行病学。由于缺乏有关研究地区的信息，因此本研究旨在确定Damboya镇的疟疾流行情况和相关危险因素。方法：于2023年3月7日至5月29日，对随机抽取的422名参与者进行以社区为基础的横断面研究。采用厚薄涂片镜检和快速诊断试验确定疟疾流行情况，使用生产厂家标准的试剂盒。采用预先测试的结构化问卷收集社会人口统计数据及相关危险因素。数据在Epi数据3.1中录入，使用SPSS 25版软件进行分析。采用双变量和多变量二元logistic回归分析与疟疾相关的因素。这种关联的强度是通过计算调整优势比（AOR）来确定的，因为疟疾是发展中国家，特别是撒哈拉以南非洲地区发病和死亡的最重要的主要原因之一（Bugssa和Tedla， 2020）。2021年，约95%的疟疾病例和96%的疟疾死亡发生在非洲（Bugssa和Tedla， 2020年）。撒哈拉以南非洲占全球病例的60%和全球死亡人数的90%（世卫组织，2022年）。在大流行的两个高峰年份（2020-2021年），与covid相关的挫折使疟疾病例增加了约1300万例，死亡人数增加了6.3万例（世卫组织，2022年）。据认为，疟疾每年给非洲造成120亿美元的直接损失，并使GDP增长减少3%。此外，它被认为会导致认知障碍和缺课，这是人力资本发展的障碍（Monroe et al., 2022）。结果95%置信区间（CI）和p值：疟疾患病率为5%（20例，95% CI: 3 ~ 7例），其中14例（61.9%）为恶性疟原虫感染。存在死水（AOR = 3.630, 95% CI: 1-13, P P P P）结论：疟疾仍然是丹博亚镇的一个公共卫生问题。因此，需要正确实施干预策略，评估郊区社区的接入和利用状况，并进行相应的改善，以中断该镇社区的传播。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Parasite Epidemiology and Control Medicine-Infectious Diseases

CiteScore

5.70

自引率

3.10%

发文量

审稿时长

17 weeks

期刊介绍： Parasite Epidemiology and Control is an Open Access journal. There is an increasing amount of research in the parasitology area that analyses the patterns, causes, and effects of health and disease conditions in defined populations. This epidemiology of parasite infectious diseases is predominantly studied in human populations but also spans other major hosts of parasitic infections and as such this journal will have a broad remit. We will focus on the major areas of epidemiological study including disease etiology, disease surveillance, drug resistance and geographical spread and screening, biomonitoring, and comparisons of treatment effects in clinical trials for both human and other animals. We will also look at the epidemiology and control of vector insects. The journal will also cover the use of geographic information systems (Epi-GIS) for epidemiological surveillance which is a rapidly growing area of research in infectious diseases. Molecular epidemiological approaches are also particularly encouraged.