Recent Advances in Self-Powered Sensors Based on Ionic Hydrogels.

IF 11 1区综合性期刊 Q1 Multidisciplinary

Research Pub Date : 2025-01-14 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI:10.34133/research.0571

Jianyu Yin, Peixue Jia, Ziqi Ren, Qixiang Zhang, Wenzhong Lu, Qianqian Yao, Mingfang Deng, Xubin Zhou, Yihua Gao, Nishuang Liu

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Abstract

After years of research and development, flexible sensors are gradually evolving from the traditional "electronic" paradigm to the "ionic" dimension. Smart flexible sensors derived from the concept of ion transport are gradually emerging in the flexible electronics. In particular, ionic hydrogels have increasingly become the focus of research on flexible sensors as a result of their tunable conductivity, flexibility, biocompatibility, and self-healable capabilities. Nevertheless, the majority of existing sensors based on ionic hydrogels still mainly rely on external power sources, which greatly restrict the dexterity and convenience of their applications. Advances in energy harvesting technologies offer substantial potential toward engineering self-powered sensors. This article reviews in detail the self-powered mechanisms of ionic hydrogel self-powered sensors (IHSSs), including piezoelectric, triboelectric, ionic diode, moist-electric, thermoelectric, potentiometric transduction, and hybrid modes. At the same time, structural engineering related to device and material characteristics is discussed. Additionally, the relevant applications of IHSS toward wearable electronics, human-machine interaction, environmental monitoring, and medical diagnostics are further reviewed. Lastly, the challenges and prospective advancement of IHSS are outlined.

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基于离子水凝胶的自供电传感器研究进展。

经过多年的研究和开发，柔性传感器正逐渐从传统的 "电子 "范式向 "离子 "维度发展。源自离子传输概念的智能柔性传感器正逐渐在柔性电子领域崭露头角。其中，离子水凝胶因其可调导电性、柔韧性、生物相容性和自修复能力，日益成为柔性传感器研究的重点。然而，现有的大多数基于离子水凝胶的传感器仍然主要依赖外部电源，这大大限制了其应用的灵巧性和便利性。能量收集技术的进步为设计自供电传感器提供了巨大潜力。本文详细综述了离子水凝胶自供电传感器（IHSS）的自供电机制，包括压电、三电、离子二极管、湿电、热电、电位传导和混合模式。同时，还讨论了与器件和材料特性相关的结构工程。此外，还进一步回顾了 IHSS 在可穿戴电子设备、人机交互、环境监测和医疗诊断方面的相关应用。最后，概述了 IHSS 面临的挑战和发展前景。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Research Multidisciplinary-Multidisciplinary

CiteScore

13.40

自引率

3.60%

发文量

审稿时长

14 weeks

期刊介绍： Research serves as a global platform for academic exchange, collaboration, and technological advancements. This journal welcomes high-quality research contributions from any domain, with open arms to authors from around the globe. Comprising fundamental research in the life and physical sciences, Research also highlights significant findings and issues in engineering and applied science. The journal proudly features original research articles, reviews, perspectives, and editorials, fostering a diverse and dynamic scholarly environment.