Next-Generation Point-of-Care Diagnostics: Silver Nanoparticle-Enhanced 3D-Printed Multiplex Electrochemical Biosensor for Detecting Dengue and Chikungunya Viruses.

Abstract

In recent years, the increasing prevalence of viral infections such as dengue (DENV) and chikungunya (CHIKV) has emphasized the vital need for new diagnostic techniques that are not only quick and inexpensive but also suitable for point-of-care and home usage. Existing diagnostic procedures, while useful, sometimes have limits in terms of speed, mobility, and price, particularly in resource-constrained environments and during epidemics. To address these issues, this study proposes a novel technique that combines 3D printing technology with electrochemical biosensors to provide a highly sensitive, user-friendly, and customizable diagnostic platform. This study focuses on a unique 3D-printed electrode cassette made with fused deposition modeling technology, which ensures strong structural alignment and improved performance under a variety of environmental conditions. When combined with paper-based electrodes loaded with silver nanoparticles, the platform dramatically enhances the detection sensitivity and reliability. The biosensor uses cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy to detect DENV and CHIKV antigens within a linear range of 1 × 10² to 1 × 10⁶ ng/mL. Results were delivered in 20 s and stable for 30 days. The device's performance was verified by testing with blood serum samples containing both DENV and CHIKV antigens, demonstrating its capacity to properly identify coinfections. This novel diagnostic tool represents a huge step forward in accessible and efficient healthcare solutions, bridging important gaps in the global battle against arboviral infections.