Regulating gypsum scaling-induced wetting in membrane distillation by heterogeneous crystallization: Role of filter media

IF 11.4 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Water Research Pub Date : 2025-01-14 DOI:10.1016/j.watres.2025.123146

Haiqing Chang, Zeren Ma, Huaxin Zhao, Dan Qu, Caihong Liu, Zhongsen Yan, Rui Li, Fangshu Qu, Heng Liang, Radisav D. Vidic

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Abstract

Mineral scaling and scaling-induced wetting are critical issues in membrane distillation (MD) during treatment of saline wastewaters. Gypsum scaling and scaling-induced wetting in MD were successfully regulated by heterogeneous crystallization with in-line granular filtration in this study. Stable water recovery increased from 32.5% to more than 52.5% in one-cycle operation, depending on filter media properties. Because a large mass of crystals were retained or/and adsorbed in the granular filter, the scaling mass on membrane surface was reduced by 41.2%, 23.1%, 54.7% and 78.1% by filter charged with activated carbon, sand, fiber and activated alumina, respectively. When activated carbon, sand, fiber and activated alumina were used, the final MD fluxes were 1.58, 1.04, 1.96 and 3.43 times that without filter, and permeate conductivity decreased by 43.0%, 46.8%, 83.2% and 81.3%, respectively. The multi-cycle tests showed that heterogeneous crystallization gradually occurred in the granular filter, thereby promoting seeding-induced crystallization that reduced gypsum scaling and scaling-induced wetting in MD. Anti-scaling and anti-wetting performance of in-line granular filtration was also confirmed for synthetic and real industrial wastewater. The results of this study provide guidance for mineral scaling control in MD to allow resource utilization for saline wastewater.

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来源期刊

Water Research 环境科学-工程：环境

CiteScore

20.80

自引率

9.40%

发文量

1307

审稿时长

38 days

期刊介绍： Water Research, along with its open access companion journal Water Research X, serves as a platform for publishing original research papers covering various aspects of the science and technology related to the anthropogenic water cycle, water quality, and its management worldwide. The audience targeted by the journal comprises biologists, chemical engineers, chemists, civil engineers, environmental engineers, limnologists, and microbiologists. The scope of the journal include: •Treatment processes for water and wastewaters (municipal, agricultural, industrial, and on-site treatment), including resource recovery and residuals management; •Urban hydrology including sewer systems, stormwater management, and green infrastructure; •Drinking water treatment and distribution; •Potable and non-potable water reuse; •Sanitation, public health, and risk assessment; •Anaerobic digestion, solid and hazardous waste management, including source characterization and the effects and control of leachates and gaseous emissions; •Contaminants (chemical, microbial, anthropogenic particles such as nanoparticles or microplastics) and related water quality sensing, monitoring, fate, and assessment; •Anthropogenic impacts on inland, tidal, coastal and urban waters, focusing on surface and ground waters, and point and non-point sources of pollution; •Environmental restoration, linked to surface water, groundwater and groundwater remediation; •Analysis of the interfaces between sediments and water, and between water and atmosphere, focusing specifically on anthropogenic impacts; •Mathematical modelling, systems analysis, machine learning, and beneficial use of big data related to the anthropogenic water cycle; •Socio-economic, policy, and regulations studies.