Mechanisms of autophagosome formation.

IF 4.4 3区 综合性期刊 Q1 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES
Yuko Fujioka, Nobuo N. Noda
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

The formation of autophagosomes is a pivotal step in autophagy, a lysosomal degradation system that plays a crucial role in maintaining cellular homeostasis. After autophagy induction, phase separation of the autophagy-related (Atg) 1 complex occurs, facilitating the gathering of Atg proteins and organizes the autophagosome formation site, where the initial isolation membrane (IM)/phagophore is generated. The IM then expands after receiving phospholipids from endomembranes such as the endoplasmic reticulum. This process is driven by the collaboration of lipid transfer (Atg2) and scrambling (Atg9) proteins. The IM assumes a cup shaped morphology and undergoes closure, resulting in the formation of a double membrane-bound autophagosome. The Atg8 lipidation system is hypothesized to be a pivotal factor in this process. This review presents an overview of the current understanding of these processes and discusses the basic mechanisms of autophagosome formation.

自噬体的形成机制
自噬体的形成是自噬的关键步骤,自噬是一种溶酶体降解系统,在维持细胞稳态中起着至关重要的作用。自噬诱导后,自噬相关(autophagy-related, Atg) 1复合体发生相分离,促进Atg蛋白聚集,组织自噬体形成位点,产生初始隔离膜(initial isolation membrane, IM)/吞噬细胞。在从内质网等细胞膜接收磷脂后,内质网扩张。这一过程是由脂质转移蛋白(Atg2)和置乱蛋白(Atg9)协同作用驱动的。IM呈杯状形态并闭合,导致双膜结合自噬体的形成。at8脂化系统被认为是这一过程中的关键因素。本文综述了目前对这些过程的理解,并讨论了自噬体形成的基本机制。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
6.60
自引率
0.00%
发文量
26
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: The Proceedings of the Japan Academy Ser. B (PJA-B) is a scientific publication of the Japan Academy with a 90-year history, and covers all branches of natural sciences, except for mathematics, which is covered by the PJA-A. It is published ten times a year and is distributed widely throughout the world and can be read and obtained free of charge through the world wide web.
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