The accuracy of anthropometric indices in detecting hypertension in Sudanese adults: a cross-sectional study.

IF 3.5 2区医学 Q1 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

BMC Public Health Pub Date : 2025-01-14 DOI:10.1186/s12889-025-21276-8

Imad R Musa, Osman E Osman, Ahmed M Khair, Ishag Adam

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Hypertension is an increasing health problem; hence, efforts have been made to promote the disease's early detection and modify prognoses. We aim to evaluate the accuracy of body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and waist-height ratio (WHtR) in detecting hypertension among adults in Northern Sudan.

Methods: Adults were recruited for a multi-stage sampling survey in Northern Sudan. Sociodemographic and anthropometric index (BMI, WC, and WHtR) information were collected. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve with its area under the curve (AUC) was obtained, and a multivariate binary analysis was performed.

Results: Of the 301 included adults, 113 (37.5%) were females and 188 (62.5%) were males. The median (interquartile range, IQR) age was 45.0 (32.0‒59.0) years. The median (IQR) of BMI, WC, and WHtR was 25.6 (21.9‒29.7) kg/m², 83.0 (73.0‒94.8) cm, and 0.51 (0.43‒0.58), respectively; these values were significantly higher in adults with hypertension compared with adults without hypertension. A total of 166 (55.1%) adults had hypertension. BMI (AUC = 0.69 at the cutoff 22.5 kg/m², sensitivity = 0.89, specificity = 0.53, YI = 0.35) and WHtR for both males and females (AUC = 0.68 at the cutoff 0.48, sensitivity = 0.75, specificity = 0.60, YI = 0.35) were more accurate than WC (AUC = 0.66 at the cutoff 77.5 cm, sensitivity = 0. 77, specificity = 0.56, YI = 0.33). The multivariate binary analysis revealed that being female (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 2.23, 95.0% CI = 1.25‒3.97), having increased age (AOR = 1.04, 95% CI = 1.02‒1.05), and having a higher BMI (AOR = 1.10, 95% CI = 1.04‒1.16) were associated with hypertension.

Conclusion: BMI, WC, and WHtR showed moderate predictive power, suggesting that these indices have a limited role in diagnosing hypertension at the individual level and are more appropriate for population screening than for individual diagnosis. BMI performs better than WC in terms of hypertension detection.

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背景：高血压是一个日益严重的健康问题；因此，人们一直在努力促进该疾病的早期发现并改变预后。我们的目的是评估体质指数（BMI）、腰围（WC）和腰高比（WHTR）在检测苏丹北部成年人高血压方面的准确性：方法：在苏丹北部招募成年人进行多阶段抽样调查。收集了社会人口学和人体测量指数（体重指数、腰围和身高比）信息。研究人员绘制了接收者操作特征曲线（ROC）及其曲线下面积（AUC），并进行了多变量二元分析：在纳入的 301 名成人中，113 名（37.5%）为女性，188 名（62.5%）为男性。年龄中位数（四分位数间距，IQR）为 45.0（32.0-59.0）岁。BMI、WC 和 WHtR 的中位数（IQR）分别为 25.6 (21.9-29.7) kg/m2、83.0 (73.0-94.8) cm 和 0.51 (0.43-0.58)；与无高血压的成年人相比，有高血压的成年人的这些数值明显更高。共有 166 名（55.1%）成年人患有高血压。男性和女性的体重指数（以 22.5 kg/m2 为临界值，AUC = 0.69，灵敏度 = 0.89，特异性 = 0.53，YI = 0.35）和 WHtR（以 0.48 为临界值，AUC = 0.68，灵敏度 = 0.75，特异性 = 0.60，YI = 0.35）比体重指数（以 77.5 cm 为临界值，AUC = 0.66，灵敏度 = 0.77，特异性 = 0.56，YI = 0.33）更准确。多变量二元分析显示，女性（调整赔率 [AOR] = 2.23，95.0% CI = 1.25-3.97）、年龄增加（AOR = 1.04，95% CI = 1.02-1.05）和体重指数较高（AOR = 1.10，95% CI = 1.04-1.16）与高血压有关：结论：BMI、WC 和 WHtR 显示出中等程度的预测能力，表明这些指数在个人高血压诊断中的作用有限，更适合用于人群筛查而非个人诊断。在高血压检测方面，BMI 的表现优于 WC。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

BMC Public Health 医学-公共卫生、环境卫生与职业卫生

CiteScore

6.50

自引率

4.40%

发文量

2108

审稿时长

1 months

期刊介绍： BMC Public Health is an open access, peer-reviewed journal that considers articles on the epidemiology of disease and the understanding of all aspects of public health. The journal has a special focus on the social determinants of health, the environmental, behavioral, and occupational correlates of health and disease, and the impact of health policies, practices and interventions on the community.