The interactive effects of stocking density and salinity on growth, immune response, antioxidant capacity, digestive enzyme activity, and plasma biochemical parameters in Asian seabass (Lates calcarifer) juveniles

IF 2.2 3区农林科学 Q2 FISHERIES

Aquaculture International Pub Date : 2025-01-15 DOI:10.1007/s10499-025-01830-2

Mohammad Taheri, Seyed Mohammad Mousavi, Naseem Zanguee, Mansour Torfi Mozanzadeh

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

A 42-day study was carried out to examine the influence of various stocking densities (SD) and water salinities (WS) on growth and some physiological parameters in Asian seabass (Lates calcarifer, 49.0 ± 0.2 g). A 3 × 3 factorial research was designed by applying three SD, including low SD (LSD, 20 fish/m³), medium SD (MSD, 40 fish/m³), and high SD (HSD, 60 fish/m³), and three WS, including fresh water (FW, 1.5 g/L), brackish water (BW, 15 g/L) and sea water (SW, 35 g/L). Based on this, nine treatments were designed including, including (1) FW-LSD (fresh water at 20 fish/m³), (2) FW-MSD (fresh water at 40 fish/m³), (3) FW-HSD (fresh water at 60 fish/m³), (4) BW-LSD (brackish water at 20 fish/m³), (5) BW-MSD (brackish water at 40 fish/m³), (6) BW-HSD (fish reared in brackish water at 60 fish/m³), (7) SW-LSD (fish reared in sea water at 20 fish/m³), (8) SW-MSD (sea water at 40 fish/m³), and (9) SW-HSD (sea water at 60 fish/m³). Fish were stocked into 27 1500-L tanks filled with 1000 L sea water, and each treatment had three replicates. Feeding was with a formulated diet (50% crude protein and 12% crude lipid) thrice daily (27.1 ± 0.4 °C). Fish in FW-MSD, BW-LDS, and SW-LSD had higher growth rates and feed utilization compared to other treatments. Plasma alternative complement pathway activity increased by an increment of WS (P < 0.05). Liver catalase (CAT) activity increased with increasing WS levels, and those subjected to LSD had higher CAT activity. The superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities were reduced with increasing WS and those subjected to HSD showed higher values than the other stocking densities. Liver total antioxidant capacity is reduced in fish at HSD (P < 0.05). Fish reared in BW had relatively higher amylase, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), trypsin, and chymotrypsin activities than those reared in the other water salinities. Increasing SD enhanced plasma aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and rearing fish in fresh water markedly increased plasma AST, alanine aminotransferase, ALP, triglycerides (TRIG), cortisol, and glucose (P < 0.05). Also, rearing fish at HSD enhanced plasma TRIG and cholesterol. In summary, rearing L. calcarifer at LSD (20 fish/m³) in BW improved its growth rate, enhanced digestive enzyme activity, and ameliorated stress indices in this species.

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放养密度和盐度对亚洲海鲈幼鱼生长、免疫反应、抗氧化能力、消化酶活性和血浆生化参数的交互影响

关押42天的研究进行了检查的影响不同放养密度(SD)和水的盐度(WS)增长和一些生理参数在亚洲尖吻鲈(尖吻鲈属calcarifer, 49.0±0.2克)。一个3×3的阶乘设计的研究是应用三SD,包括低SD (LSD, 20鱼/ m3),介质SD (MSD 40鱼/ m3)和高SD (HSD 60鱼/ m3),和三个WS,包括淡水(弗兰克-威廉姆斯,1.5 g / L),微咸水(BW 15 g / L)和海水(SW 35 g / L)。在此基础上，设计了9个处理，包括(1)FW-LSD（淡水20尾/m3）、(2)FW-MSD（淡水40尾/m3）、(3)FW-HSD（淡水60尾/m3）、(4)BW-LSD（微咸水20尾/m3）、(5)BW-MSD（微咸水40尾/m3）、(6)BW-HSD（微咸水60尾/m3）、(7)SW-LSD（海水20尾/m3）、(8)SW-MSD（海水40尾/m3）和(9)SW-HSD（海水60尾/m3）。将鱼放养在27个1500升的水族箱中，水族箱中装满1000升海水，每个处理3个重复。饲喂每日3次（27.1±0.4°C）的配制饲粮（50%粗蛋白质、12%粗脂肪）。饲喂FW-MSD、BW-LDS和SW-LSD的鱼类生长速度和饲料利用率高于其他处理。血浆替代补体途径活性随着WS的增加而增加（P < 0.05）。肝过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性随WS浓度的升高而升高，且LSD处理的肝过氧化氢酶活性较高。超氧化物歧化酶和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性随着WS的增加而降低，HSD处理的超氧化物歧化酶和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性高于其他放养密度。肝脏总抗氧化能力降低（P < 0.05）。在BW中饲养的鱼具有较高的淀粉酶、碱性磷酸酶（ALP）、胰蛋白酶和凝乳胰蛋白酶活性。增加SD可提高血浆天冬氨酸转氨酶（AST），淡水养殖显著提高血浆AST、丙氨酸转氨酶、ALP、甘油三酯（TRIG）、皮质醇和葡萄糖（P < 0.05）。此外，在高低温条件下饲养鱼可提高血浆TRIG和胆固醇水平。综上所述，在体重比例为20尾/m3的LSD下饲养钙化乳鲆提高了其生长速度，提高了消化酶活性，改善了应激指标。

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来源期刊

Aquaculture International 农林科学-渔业

CiteScore

5.10

自引率

6.90%

发文量

204

审稿时长

1.0 months

期刊介绍： Aquaculture International is an international journal publishing original research papers, short communications, technical notes and review papers on all aspects of aquaculture. The Journal covers topics such as the biology, physiology, pathology and genetics of cultured fish, crustaceans, molluscs and plants, especially new species; water quality of supply systems, fluctuations in water quality within farms and the environmental impacts of aquacultural operations; nutrition, feeding and stocking practices, especially as they affect the health and growth rates of cultured species; sustainable production techniques; bioengineering studies on the design and management of offshore and land-based systems; the improvement of quality and marketing of farmed products; sociological and societal impacts of aquaculture, and more. This is the official Journal of the European Aquaculture Society.