Mechanochemical coupling of two coupled kinesin monomers: comparison with that of the single dimer†

Ping Xie
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Abstract

The dynamics of cargo transport by two coupled kinesin monomers, such as kinesin-1, kinesin-2 and kinesin-3, is studied theoretically and is compared with that by the corresponding single dimer on the basis of our proposed model for the mechanochemical coupling of the two coupled monomers and that of the single dimer. It is shown that if the stalk, which connects the monomer and cargo, has a short length LS (e.g., LS < 5 nm) the cargo transport by the two monomers can be efficient with an unloaded velocity that can be similar to that by the corresponding single dimer, whereas the cargo transport by the two monomers with a long LS can only be inefficient with an unloaded velocity and a stall force much smaller than those with the short LS. Although the unloaded velocity for the two coupled kinesin-1 monomers with a short LS can be similar to that for the single kinesin-1 dimer, the stall force for the former is reduced by about 2 times relative to that for the latter. The dynamics of the two coupled kinesin-3 KIF1A monomers relative to the single kinesin-3 dimer is similar to that of the two coupled kinesin-1 monomers relative to the single kinesin-1 dimer. By contrast, the stall force for the two kinesin-2 KIF3A monomers with a short LS can be similar to that for the single kinesin-2 KIF3AA, KIF3BB or KIF3AB dimer. The theoretical results agree well with the available experimental evidence. The underlying mechanism of the two coupled kinesin-1 or kinesin-3 monomers with the short LS having an evidently smaller stall force than the corresponding single dimer and the two coupled kinesin-2 KIF3A monomers with the short LS having a stall force similar to that of the corresponding single dimer is explained.

Abstract Image

两偶联激酶单体的机械化学偶联:与单二聚体的比较
本文从理论上研究了两种偶联的激酶-1、激酶-2和激酶-3的货物运输动力学,并根据我们提出的两种偶联单体和单二聚体的机械化学偶联模型与相应的单二聚体的力学化学偶联进行了比较。结果表明,连接单体与货物的茎杆具有较短的LS(如LS <;5 nm),两种单体的货物运输效率与相应的单二聚体相似,而长LS的两种单体的货物运输效率只有在卸载速度和失速力远小于短LS的情况下才能达到低效率。虽然具有较短LS的两个偶联的激酶-1单体的卸载速度与单个激酶-1二聚体的卸载速度相似,但前者的失速力相对于后者减少了约2倍。两个偶联的kinesin-3 KIF1A单体相对于单个kinesin-3二聚体的动力学与两个偶联的kinesin-1单体相对于单个kinesin-1二聚体的动力学相似。相比之下,两个具有短LS的激酶-2 KIF3A单体的失速力与单个激酶-2 KIF3AA、KIF3BB或KIF3AB二聚体的失速力相似。理论结果与现有的实验证据吻合得很好。解释了两种具有短LS的偶联kinesin-1或kinesin-3单体的失速力明显小于对应的单二聚体,以及具有短LS的两种偶联kinesin-2 KIF3A单体的失速力与对应的单二聚体相似的潜在机制。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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