Impact of comorbidities on the mortality benefits of lung cancer screening: a post-hoc analysis of PLCO and NLST trials.

IF 21 1区 医学 Q1 ONCOLOGY
Sebastien Gendarme, Ehsan Irajizad, James P Long, Johannes F Fahrmann, Jennifer B Dennison, Seyyed Mahmood Ghasemi, Rongzhang Dou, Robert J Volk, Rafael Meza, Iakovos Toumazis, Florence Canoui-Poitrine, Samir M Hanash, Edwin J Ostrin
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Hypothesis: To evaluate how comorbidities affect mortality benefits of lung cancer screening (LCS) with low-dose computed-tomography (LDCT).

Methods: We developed a comorbidity index (PLCO-ci) using LCS-eligible participants' data from the Prostate Lung Colorectal and Ovarian (PLCO) trial (training set) and the National Lung Screening Trial (NLST) (validation set). PLCO-ci predicts 5-year non-lung cancer (LC) mortality using a regularized Cox model; with performance evaluated by the area under the ROC curve (ROCAUC). In NLST, LC mortality (per original publication) was compared between LDCT and chest X-ray arms across PLCO-ci quintile (Q1-5) using cause-specific hazard ratio (csHR) with 95% confidence intervals [95%CI].

Results: Analyses included 34,690 PLCO and 53,452 NLST participants (mean age: 62 (±5) and 61 (±5) years old, 58% and 59% males, 39% and 41% active smokers, respectively). PLCO-ci predicted 5-year non-LC mortality with ROCAUC [95%CI] of 0.72 [0.71-0.74] in PLCO and 0.69 [0.67-0.70] in NLST. In NLST, at median follow-up of 6.5 years, LC mortality was significantly reduced for participants with intermediate comorbidity (Q2-Q3-Q4): csHR [95% CI] 0.62 [0.41-0.95], 0.68 [0.48-0.96] and 0.72 [0.54-0.96] respectively, with a non-statistically significant reduction for Q1 (csHR=0.72 [0.45-1.17]) and no reduction for Q5 participants (csHR=0.99 [0.79-1.23]). Participants in Q2-Q3-Q4 (60%) accounted for 89% of LC deaths averted among all NLST participants. Q1 participants had low LC incidence, while Q5 had higher localized LC lethality, more squamous cell carcinomas, and untreated LC.

Conclusion: The PLCO-ci developed in this work shows that individuals with intermediate comorbidity benefited the most from LCS, highlighting the need of addressing comorbidities to achieve LC mortality benefits.

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来源期刊
Journal of Thoracic Oncology
Journal of Thoracic Oncology 医学-呼吸系统
CiteScore
36.00
自引率
3.90%
发文量
1406
审稿时长
13 days
期刊介绍: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (JTO), the official journal of the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer,is the primary educational and informational publication for topics relevant to the prevention, detection, diagnosis, and treatment of all thoracic malignancies.The readship includes epidemiologists, medical oncologists, radiation oncologists, thoracic surgeons, pulmonologists, radiologists, pathologists, nuclear medicine physicians, and research scientists with a special interest in thoracic oncology.
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