Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances and Female Health Concern: Gender-based Accumulation Differences, Adverse Outcomes, and Mechanisms

IF 10.8 1区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL
Xin Li, Minmin Hou, Feng Zhang, Zhengquan Ji, Yaqi Cai, Yali Shi
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Abstract

The deleterious health implications of perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are widely recognized. Females, in contrast to males, exhibit unique pathways for PFAS exposure and excretion, leading to complex health outcomes. The health status of females is largely influenced by hormone-related processes. PFAS have been reported to be associated with various aspects of female health, including reproductive system disorders and pregnancy-related diseases. In this article, we provide insights into the correlations between PFAS and female-prevalent diseases. Current epidemiological and toxicological evidence has demonstrated that the adverse effects of PFAS on the health of the female reproductive system are primarily attributed to the disruption of the hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal (HPG) axis and hormonal homeostasis. However, these findings do not sufficiently elucidate the intricate associations between PFAS and specific diseases. Furthermore, autoimmune disorders, another category that is more prevalent in women compared to men, require additional investigation. Immune biomarkers pertinent to autoimmune disorders have been observed to be influenced by PFAS exposure, although epidemiological evidence is insufficient to substantiate these relations. Further thorough exploration encompassing epidemiological and toxicological studies is essential to elucidating the inherent influence of PFAS on human pathologies. Additionally, comprehensive investigations into female health issues beyond their reproductive functions is essential.

Abstract Image

全氟和多氟烷基物质与女性健康问题:基于性别的积累差异、不良后果和机制
全氟烷基和多氟烷基物质(PFAS)对健康的有害影响已得到广泛认识。与男性相比,女性表现出独特的PFAS暴露和排泄途径,导致复杂的健康结果。女性的健康状况在很大程度上受激素相关过程的影响。据报道,PFAS与女性健康的各个方面有关,包括生殖系统疾病和妊娠相关疾病。在本文中,我们提供了PFAS与女性流行疾病之间的相关性的见解。目前的流行病学和毒理学证据表明,PFAS对女性生殖系统健康的不良影响主要归因于下丘脑-垂体-性腺(HPG)轴和激素稳态的破坏。然而,这些发现并不能充分阐明PFAS与特定疾病之间的复杂关联。此外,自身免疫性疾病是另一类在女性中比男性更普遍的疾病,需要进一步调查。与自身免疫性疾病相关的免疫生物标志物已被观察到受到PFAS暴露的影响,尽管流行病学证据不足以证实这些关系。进一步深入探索包括流行病学和毒理学研究是必要的,以阐明PFAS对人类病理的内在影响。此外,对女性生殖功能以外的健康问题进行全面调查也至关重要。
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来源期刊
环境科学与技术
环境科学与技术 环境科学-工程:环境
CiteScore
17.50
自引率
9.60%
发文量
12359
审稿时长
2.8 months
期刊介绍: Environmental Science & Technology (ES&T) is a co-sponsored academic and technical magazine by the Hubei Provincial Environmental Protection Bureau and the Hubei Provincial Academy of Environmental Sciences. Environmental Science & Technology (ES&T) holds the status of Chinese core journals, scientific papers source journals of China, Chinese Science Citation Database source journals, and Chinese Academic Journal Comprehensive Evaluation Database source journals. This publication focuses on the academic field of environmental protection, featuring articles related to environmental protection and technical advancements.
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