Digestion of Gluten-Derived Immunogenic Peptides along the Gastrointestinal Tract of the Growing Pig as a Model for the Adult Human Is Enhanced with Simultaneous Consumption of Exogenous Proteases

IF 3.7 3区医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Journal of Nutrition Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI:10.1016/j.tjnut.2025.01.006

Isuri A Jayawardana , Mike J Boland , Natascha Stroebinger , Suzanne M Hodgkinson , Trevor S Loo , Warren C McNabb , Carlos A Montoya

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Abstract

Background

Digestion of gluten-derived immunogenic peptides along the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) is not well established.

Objectives

This study aimed to map the digestion of gluten-derived immunogenic peptides along the GIT using the growing pig as a human adult model and actinidin as a model exogenous protease.

Methods

Entire male pigs 9 wk of age [n = 54, 19.3 ± 1.9 (mean ± SD) kg bodyweight] were fed whole wheat soda bread either with yellow kiwifruit (0 U protease actinidin activity/mL fresh juice) or green kiwifruit (27.0 U protease actinidin activity/mL fresh juice) for 8 d. Pigs were killed at 0, 20, 60, 120, and 300 min postprandially. Entire gastrointestinal contents were collected to determine the hydrolysis of wheat proteins in the stomach and the presence of immunogenic peptides along the GIT. Polynomial regression analysis was conducted to determine the treatment, time, and their interaction effects.

Results

In the stomach, the mean rate of digestion of wheat proteins was 0.08 ± 0.006% per minute (mean ± standard error), whereas the mean rate of reduction of immunogenic peptides (R5 epitopes) was 3.4 ± 0.1 mg/min. This resulted in a mean rate of 3.2 ± 0.7 mg/min of the R5 epitopes entering the small intestine. At 300 min postprandial, R5 epitopes reached the large intestine. All these values were influenced when the protease actinidin was present in the meal. For instance, actinidin doubled (P < 0.05) the rate of digestion of wheat proteins in the stomach and subsequently reduced the rate of R5 epitopes entering the small intestine (0.6 ± 0.4 mg/min) and the amount released (P < 0.05) into the large intestine.

Conclusions

Digestion of gluten immunogenic peptides is limited along the GIT, but it can be enhanced by a simultaneous intake of proteases.

查看原文本刊更多论文

作为成人模型的生长猪的胃肠道消化谷蛋白衍生的免疫原性肽随着外源性蛋白酶的同时消耗而增强。

背景和目的：麸质来源的免疫原肽沿胃肠道（GIT）的消化尚未得到很好的证实。本研究旨在以生长猪为人类成人模型，以actitinidin为外源性蛋白酶模型，绘制谷蛋白衍生免疫原肽沿胃肠道的消化图。方法：饲喂9周龄的公猪（n=54，体重19.3±1.9 (mean±SD) kg），分别添加黄色猕猴桃（0 U蛋白酶活性/mL鲜汁）和绿色猕猴桃（27.0 U蛋白酶活性/mL鲜汁）的全麦苏打面包，饲喂8 d。分别于餐后0、20、60、120和300分钟对猪实施安乐死。收集整个胃肠道内容物，以确定胃中小麦蛋白的水解和免疫原性肽沿胃肠道的存在。采用多项式回归分析确定处理、时间及其交互效应。结果：胃内小麦蛋白的平均消化率为0.08±0.006%/min（平均±标准误差），免疫原性肽（R5表位）的平均还原率为3.4±0.1 mg/min。这导致R5表位进入小肠的平均速率为3.2±0.7 mg/min。餐后300分钟，R5表位到达大肠。当膳食中存在酶actinidin时，所有这些值都受到影响。例如，actinidin使胃对小麦蛋白的消化率提高了一倍（P < 0.05），从而降低了R5表位进入小肠的速率（0.6±0.4 mg/min）和进入大肠的释放量（P < 0.05）。结论：谷蛋白免疫原性肽沿胃肠道的消化受到限制，但同时摄入蛋白酶可增强谷蛋白免疫原性肽的消化。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of Nutrition 医学-营养学

CiteScore

7.60

自引率

4.80%

发文量

260

审稿时长

39 days

期刊介绍： The Journal of Nutrition (JN/J Nutr) publishes peer-reviewed original research papers covering all aspects of experimental nutrition in humans and other animal species; special articles such as reviews and biographies of prominent nutrition scientists; and issues, opinions, and commentaries on controversial issues in nutrition. Supplements are frequently published to provide extended discussion of topics of special interest.