Ergogenic Benefits of β‐Hydroxy‐β‐Methyl Butyrate (HMB) Supplementation on Body Composition and Muscle Strength: An Umbrella Review of Meta‐Analyses

IF 8.9 1区医学

Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle Pub Date : 2025-01-11 DOI:10.1002/jcsm.13671

Mohammad Vesal Bideshki, Mehrdad Behzadi, Mehrdad Jamali, Parsa Jamilian, Meysam Zarezadeh, Bahram Pourghassem Gargari

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Backgroundβ‐Hydroxy‐β‐methyl butyrate (HMB) is a metabolite of the amino acid leucine, known for its ergogenic effects on body composition and strength. Despite these benefits, the magnitude of these effects remains unclear due to variability among studies. This umbrella review aims to synthesize meta‐analyses investigating the effects of HMB on body composition and muscle strength in adults.MethodsA comprehensive literature search was conducted in Scopus, PubMed and Web of Science without date or language restrictions until August 2024. The study protocol was registered at Prospero (No. CRD42023402740). Included studies evaluated the effects of HMB supplementation on body mass, fat mass (FM), fat‐free mass (FFM), muscle mass and performance outcomes. Effect sizes (ESs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated, and a random‐effects model was used for meta‐analysis. Standard methods assessed heterogeneity, sensitivity and publication bias. The methodological quality of included studies was assessed using the AMSTAR2 tool.ResultsEleven studies comprising 41 data sets were included, with participants aged 23–79 years. HMB supplementation significantly increased muscle mass (ES: 0.21; 95% CI: 0.06–0.35; p = 0.004), muscle strength index (ES: 0.27; 95% CI: 0.19–0.35; p < 0.001) and FFM (ES: 0.22; 95% CI: 0.11–0.34; p < 0.001). No significant changes were observed in FM (ES: 0.03; 95% CI: −0.04 to 0.35; p = 0.09) or body mass (ES: 0.09; 95% CI: −0.06 to 0.24; p = 0.22). The quality assessment revealed that five studies were of high quality, three were of low quality and three were of critically low quality.ConclusionsHMB supplementation may benefit individuals experiencing muscular atrophy due to physiological conditions, particularly enhancing muscle mass and strength without significant changes in fat mass or body weight.

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补充β -羟基- β -丁酸甲酯（HMB）对身体成分和肌肉力量的有益作用：荟萃分析综述

β -羟基- β -丁酸甲酯（HMB）是氨基酸亮氨酸的代谢物，以其对身体成分和力量的促氧作用而闻名。尽管有这些好处，但由于研究之间的差异，这些影响的程度仍不清楚。本综述旨在综合meta分析，研究HMB对成人身体成分和肌肉力量的影响。方法于2024年8月前在Scopus、PubMed和Web of Science中进行无日期和语言限制的综合文献检索。研究方案已在普洛斯彼罗（普洛斯彼罗）登记。CRD42023402740)。纳入的研究评估了补充HMB对体重、脂肪质量（FM）、无脂肪质量（FFM）、肌肉质量和表现结果的影响。计算效应量（ESs）和95%置信区间（ci），并采用随机效应模型进行meta分析。标准方法评估异质性、敏感性和发表偏倚。使用AMSTAR2工具评估纳入研究的方法学质量。结果纳入41个数据集的11项研究，参与者年龄在23-79岁之间。添加HMB显著增加肌肉质量(ES: 0.21；95% ci: 0.06-0.35；p = 0.004)，肌力指数(ES: 0.27；95% ci: 0.19-0.35；p & lt;0.001)和FFM (ES: 0.22；95% ci: 0.11-0.34；p & lt;0.001)。FM无显著变化(ES: 0.03；95% CI:−0.04 ~ 0.35；p = 0.09)或体重(ES: 0.09；95% CI:−0.06 ~ 0.24；P = 0.22)。质量评估显示，5项研究为高质量，3项为低质量，3项为极低质量。结论补充shmb可能对因生理条件而出现肌肉萎缩的个体有益，特别是在不显著改变脂肪量或体重的情况下增加肌肉质量和力量。

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来源期刊

Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle Medicine-Orthopedics and Sports Medicine

自引率

12.40%

发文量

期刊介绍： The Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia, and Muscle is a prestigious, peer-reviewed international publication committed to disseminating research and clinical insights pertaining to cachexia, sarcopenia, body composition, and the physiological and pathophysiological alterations occurring throughout the lifespan and in various illnesses across the spectrum of life sciences. This journal serves as a valuable resource for physicians, biochemists, biologists, dieticians, pharmacologists, and students alike.