Assessing the influence of recurrent urinary tract infections on sexual function: a case-control study.

Abstract

Background: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) significantly impact quality of life and can also lead to changes in sexual function.

Aim: This study aims to assess the symptoms associated with recurrent urinary tract infections (rUTIs) and their influence on both quality of life and sexual activity.

Methods: A case-control study was conducted, involving 383 patients with rUTIs and 161 healthy controls. The Acute Cystitis Symptom Score (ACSS) and Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) questionnaires were utilized, with all surveys completed online through Google Forms.

Outcomes: The ACSS and FSFI were collected using online surveys designed through Google Forms.

Results: A higher prevalence of constipation was observed in the rUTI group compared to controls (37.6% vs 31.7%). rUTIs caused moderate to severe interference with work activities in 55.5% of cases, while 59% reported interference with social life. Sexual life assessment revealed that all FSFI domains were significantly affected in patients with rUTIs. Sexual desire was rated as low or very low in 61.9% of rUTI cases compared to 48.1% of controls (P < .001). Additionally, 35.3% of rUTI patients reported low or very low confidence in becoming sexually aroused, compared to 7.5% of controls (P < .001). Difficulty reaching orgasm was reported by 29.6% of rUTI patients versus 20.7% of controls (P < .001). Pain or discomfort following vaginal penetration was reported more than half the time by 43.9% of rUTI patients, compared to 19.6% of controls (P < .001). Dissatisfaction with sexual intercourse was noted in 53.6% of rUTI patients versus 15.8% of controls (P < .001).

Clinical implications: The assessment of sexual health should be integrated into the management of patients with rUTIs. Interventions targeting UTI management must also address strategies to improve sexual function and satisfaction.

Strengths and limitations: This study provides insight into the impact of rUTIs on sexual function across both pre- and post-menopausal women, allowing for an evaluation of how sexual perceptions evolve with age. However, the study's limitations include the lack of assessment of sexual practices, which may influence the risk of rUTIs and affect FSFI results.

Conclusions: Women with rUTIs report significantly lower sexual satisfaction and higher rates of sexual dysfunction. It is essential to evaluate the sexual function of patients with rUTIs, and management strategies must consider ways to improve sexual health as part of the overall treatment plan.