{"title":"Sex and gender in perioperative cardiovascular research: protocol for a scoping review.","authors":"Ana Sjaus, Nicole Fakhory","doi":"10.1186/s13643-024-02716-9","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The inadequate inclusion of sex and gender in medical research has resulted in biased clinical guidance and disparities in knowledge and patient outcomes. Despite efforts by regulatory and funding agencies, opportunities to generate sex-specific knowledge are frequently overlooked. While certain disciplines in cardiovascular medicine have made notable progress, these advances have yet to permeate the literature on perioperative cardiovascular complications in non-cardiac surgery. Prompted by the recent findings on sex-specific perioperative cardiovascular outcomes, this review aims to scope the literature in this field and categorize methodological approaches used to incorporate sex and gender in studies of this patient population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) methodology for scoping reviews will be followed in stages elaborated by Levac (2010). A comprehensive search strategy will be used to identify relevant primary research published since 2010. Screening will be performed by independent reviewers using predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data will be extracted from full text and supplementary materials of selected articles. Results will be presented as proportions of studies reporting sex and gender, the assigned purpose of these variables in analysis, and where they are reported in the article. In addition, articles will be mapped to the source, country of origin, and year of publication. Narrative summaries will be provided to outline key findings and assess the depth of the literature within each of the major topics (risk assessment/prediction, diagnosis, treatment, prognosis, and outcomes).</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Increasing recognition of the profound and complex implications of sex and gender in medicine has fuelled calls for greater attention to participation equity, sex-specific analysis and reporting. Focusing on perioperative cardiovascular complications, this review has the potential to identify knowledge gaps for future research, as well as areas of strength that could support formal knowledge synthesis or secondary analysis of data from past research.</p><p><strong>Scoping review registration: </strong>Submitted on August 15th, 2023 (Web of Science osf.io/u25sf).</p>","PeriodicalId":22162,"journal":{"name":"Systematic Reviews","volume":"14 1","pages":"6"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3000,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11708003/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Systematic Reviews","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13643-024-02716-9","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Background: The inadequate inclusion of sex and gender in medical research has resulted in biased clinical guidance and disparities in knowledge and patient outcomes. Despite efforts by regulatory and funding agencies, opportunities to generate sex-specific knowledge are frequently overlooked. While certain disciplines in cardiovascular medicine have made notable progress, these advances have yet to permeate the literature on perioperative cardiovascular complications in non-cardiac surgery. Prompted by the recent findings on sex-specific perioperative cardiovascular outcomes, this review aims to scope the literature in this field and categorize methodological approaches used to incorporate sex and gender in studies of this patient population.
Methods: Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) methodology for scoping reviews will be followed in stages elaborated by Levac (2010). A comprehensive search strategy will be used to identify relevant primary research published since 2010. Screening will be performed by independent reviewers using predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data will be extracted from full text and supplementary materials of selected articles. Results will be presented as proportions of studies reporting sex and gender, the assigned purpose of these variables in analysis, and where they are reported in the article. In addition, articles will be mapped to the source, country of origin, and year of publication. Narrative summaries will be provided to outline key findings and assess the depth of the literature within each of the major topics (risk assessment/prediction, diagnosis, treatment, prognosis, and outcomes).
Discussion: Increasing recognition of the profound and complex implications of sex and gender in medicine has fuelled calls for greater attention to participation equity, sex-specific analysis and reporting. Focusing on perioperative cardiovascular complications, this review has the potential to identify knowledge gaps for future research, as well as areas of strength that could support formal knowledge synthesis or secondary analysis of data from past research.
Scoping review registration: Submitted on August 15th, 2023 (Web of Science osf.io/u25sf).
背景：医学研究中对生理性别和社会性别的不充分纳入导致了临床指导的偏差以及知识和患者结果的差异。尽管监管机构和资助机构做出了努力，但产生性别知识的机会往往被忽视。虽然心血管医学的某些学科已经取得了显著的进展，但这些进展尚未渗透到非心脏手术围手术期心血管并发症的文献中。由于最近关于性别特异性围手术期心血管结果的研究发现，本综述旨在对该领域的文献进行梳理，并对用于将性别和社会性别纳入该患者群体研究的方法学方法进行分类。方法：乔安娜布里格斯研究所（JBI）的范围评估方法将按照Levac（2010）阐述的阶段进行。综合搜索策略将用于识别自2010年以来发表的相关主要研究。筛选将由独立的审稿人使用预定义的纳入和排除标准进行。数据将从选定文章的全文和补充材料中提取。结果将以报告性别和社会性别的研究的比例、这些变量在分析中的指定目的以及在文章中报告的位置来呈现。此外，文章将被映射到来源、原产国和出版年份。将提供叙述性摘要，概述主要发现并评估每个主要主题（风险评估/预测、诊断、治疗、预后和结果）内的文献深度。讨论：越来越多地认识到医学中性别和社会性别的深刻和复杂影响，这促使人们呼吁更多地关注参与、公平、针对性别的分析和报告。本综述关注围手术期心血管并发症，有可能确定未来研究的知识空白，以及可以支持正式知识合成或对过去研究数据进行二次分析的优势领域。范围审稿注册：2023年8月15日提交（Web of Science osf.io/u25sf）。
期刊介绍：
Systematic Reviews encompasses all aspects of the design, conduct and reporting of systematic reviews. The journal publishes high quality systematic review products including systematic review protocols, systematic reviews related to a very broad definition of health, rapid reviews, updates of already completed systematic reviews, and methods research related to the science of systematic reviews, such as decision modelling. At this time Systematic Reviews does not accept reviews of in vitro studies. The journal also aims to ensure that the results of all well-conducted systematic reviews are published, regardless of their outcome.
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