{"title":"Effect of Plant-Based Diets on Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Zekiye Zeynep Bostan, Melike Şare Bulut, Buket Özen Ünaldı, Ceren Albayrak Buhurcu, Gamze Akbulut","doi":"10.1093/nutrit/nuae181","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease that leads to chronic inflammation and joint damage. Various plant-based diets are thought to have effects on RA symptoms and disease activity.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>Relevant literature on the effect of different types of plant-based diets on RA was reviewed.</p><p><strong>Data sources: </strong>A systematic search was conducted using the Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane databases and following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines.</p><p><strong>Data extraction: </strong>Articles on observational and interventional human studies carried out in the adult population and published in English between February 2013 and April 2023 were eligible for inclusion. Articles reporting on studies performed in populations under 18 years of age, with unclear methods and results, or for which the full text was unavailable were excluded. The risk of bias in the selected studies was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute checklists.</p><p><strong>Data analysis: </strong>Of 547 screened articles, 15 were included, comprising 4 cross-sectional, 2 cohort, and 9 randomized controlled trials. These studies examined the effects of various diets, including the Mediterranean, low-fat high-carbohydrate, anti-inflammatory, and vegan, on RA. Results indicate adherence to plant-based diets generally reduced disease severity and improved dietary intake, physical activity, body weight, and key clinical markers such as the Disease Activity Score-28, Visual Analog Scale score, Health Assessment Questionnaire Disability Index, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and C-reactive protein level in patients with in RA.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Most of the studies suggested the Mediterranean diet may positively affect the severity of RA. However, the included studies show heterogeneity. Therefore, more randomized controlled studies are needed in this area to increase understanding of the effect of diet on RA and facilitate the implementation of strategies to prevent RA.</p><p><strong>Systematic review registration: </strong>PROSPERO registration no. CRD42023420577.</p>","PeriodicalId":19469,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.9000,"publicationDate":"2024-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Nutrition reviews","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1093/nutrit/nuae181","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"NUTRITION & DIETETICS","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Context: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease that leads to chronic inflammation and joint damage. Various plant-based diets are thought to have effects on RA symptoms and disease activity.
Objective: Relevant literature on the effect of different types of plant-based diets on RA was reviewed.
Data sources: A systematic search was conducted using the Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane databases and following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines.
Data extraction: Articles on observational and interventional human studies carried out in the adult population and published in English between February 2013 and April 2023 were eligible for inclusion. Articles reporting on studies performed in populations under 18 years of age, with unclear methods and results, or for which the full text was unavailable were excluded. The risk of bias in the selected studies was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute checklists.
Data analysis: Of 547 screened articles, 15 were included, comprising 4 cross-sectional, 2 cohort, and 9 randomized controlled trials. These studies examined the effects of various diets, including the Mediterranean, low-fat high-carbohydrate, anti-inflammatory, and vegan, on RA. Results indicate adherence to plant-based diets generally reduced disease severity and improved dietary intake, physical activity, body weight, and key clinical markers such as the Disease Activity Score-28, Visual Analog Scale score, Health Assessment Questionnaire Disability Index, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and C-reactive protein level in patients with in RA.
Conclusions: Most of the studies suggested the Mediterranean diet may positively affect the severity of RA. However, the included studies show heterogeneity. Therefore, more randomized controlled studies are needed in this area to increase understanding of the effect of diet on RA and facilitate the implementation of strategies to prevent RA.
背景：类风湿性关节炎（RA）是一种导致慢性炎症和关节损伤的自身免疫性疾病。各种植物性饮食被认为对类风湿性关节炎的症状和疾病活动有影响。目的：综述不同类型植物性饮食对RA影响的相关文献。数据来源：使用Web of Science、PubMed、Scopus和Cochrane数据库进行系统搜索，并遵循系统评价和元分析指南的首选报告项目。数据提取：2013年2月至2023年4月期间在成人人群中进行的观察性和干预性人类研究并以英文发表的文章符合纳入条件。在18岁以下人群中进行的研究，方法和结果不明确，或无法获得全文的文章被排除在外。所选研究的偏倚风险使用乔安娜布里格斯研究所的检查表进行评估。数据分析：在547篇筛选文章中，纳入15篇，包括4项横断面试验、2项队列试验和9项随机对照试验。这些研究考察了各种饮食对类风湿性关节炎的影响，包括地中海饮食、低脂高碳水化合物饮食、抗炎饮食和素食饮食。结果表明，坚持植物性饮食通常会降低疾病严重程度，改善饮食摄入量、身体活动、体重和关键临床指标，如疾病活动评分-28、视觉模拟量表评分、健康评估问卷残疾指数、红细胞沉降率和c反应蛋白水平。结论：大多数研究表明地中海饮食可能对类风湿关节炎的严重程度有积极影响。然而，纳入的研究显示异质性。因此，在这一领域需要更多的随机对照研究，以增加对饮食对RA的影响的认识，并促进RA预防策略的实施。系统评审注册：普洛斯彼罗注册号。CRD42023420577。
期刊介绍：
Nutrition Reviews is a highly cited, monthly, international, peer-reviewed journal that specializes in the publication of authoritative and critical literature reviews on current and emerging topics in nutrition science, food science, clinical nutrition, and nutrition policy. Readers of Nutrition Reviews include nutrition scientists, biomedical researchers, clinical and dietetic practitioners, and advanced students of nutrition.
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