Minimum Wrestling Weight for High School Girls Wrestling: Time to Revisit Minimal Body Fat Percent.

Abstract

Abstract: Jagim, AR, Horswill, CA, Dobbs, WC, Twohey, EE, Tinsley, GM, Fields, JB, and Jones, MT. Minimum wrestling weight for high school girls wrestling: Time to revisit minimal body fat percent. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000-000, 2024-The purpose of this study was to determine whether an alternative body fat percentage (BF%) could be established as a safer margin for minimal wrestling weight (MWW) determination by evaluating the distribution of BF% and MWW values naturally occurring for high school girls wrestling. Data from the 2022-2023 high school season were retrospectively analyzed. In total, 33,321 female wrestlers completed skinfold (SKF) assessments or bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) in accordance with sport governing body mandates for weight certification. Frequency statistics and descriptive analysis were performed to compute normative MWW and BF% profiles. Body fat percentage thresholds of 12% (12MWW) and the BF% value defining the lowest fifth percentile were used to determine the resulting MWW and minimum weight class for each method. The median ± interquartile range for BF% was 28.3 ± 9.2%. There was a difference (p < 0.001) in BF% values between BIA (28.4 ± 6.8%) and SKF (29.4 ± 7.6%), but a trivial effect size (ES = 0.14). The fifth percentile for BF% was 19%, which was used for alternative MWW determination (19MWW). 12MWW and 19MWW were 11.2 ± 6.4 kg (p < 0.001; ES = 1.8) and 8.6 ± 7.7 kg (p < 0.001; ES = 1.1) lower than the body mass of the wrestlers at the time of weight certification. Nearly all BF% values were above the 12% threshold currently used to determine MWW. Current body weights were more than 9.1 kg above MWW values for both 12MWW and 19MWW. Increasing the minimum BF% threshold from 12 to 19% would affect a small percentage of wrestlers and improve the margin of safety for those intent on achieving a lower weight class.