Calcium-Binding Proteins in the Autistic Brain—Potential Links to Symptom Development

IF 1.7 4区医学 Q3 DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY

International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience Pub Date : 2025-01-07 DOI:10.1002/jdn.10412

Élyssa Adriolly Freitas Tavares, Débora Lopes Silva de Souza, Francisca Tayná da Silva Gomes, Maria Vanessa Freitas Holanda, Rodrigo Freire Oliveira, Karina Maia Paiva, Paulo Leonardo Araujo de Gois Morais, Cláudio Lopes de Vasconcelos, Diogo Manuel Lopes de Paiva Cavalcanti, José Rodolfo Lopes de Paiva Cavalcanti

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex challenge, influenced by genetic and environmental factors. This review focuses on the proteins calbindin (CB), calretinin (CR) and parvalbumin (PV) in the context of ASD, exploring their clinical correlations and providing a deeper understanding of the spectrum. In addition, we seek to understand the role of these proteins in GABAergic regulation and their implication in the pathophysiology of ASD. The studies reviewed revealed a significant decrease in PV+ interneurons in the prefrontal cortex of individuals with ASD compared with typical controls. This reduction is associated with local synaptic hyperconnectivity, characterized by an increase in the number of excitatory synapses and a reduction in inhibitory synapses. A correlation was also observed between the decrease in PV+ and the severity of the behavioural symptoms of ASD. The research highlights GABAergic imbalance as a crucial component in the neuropathology of ASD, highlighting the role of calcium-binding proteins, especially PV, in regulating neuronal excitability and modulating synaptic connectivity. These findings provide valuable insights for the development of new therapeutic strategies intended to modulate neuronal activity and improve the symptoms associated with ASD.

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自闭症大脑中的钙结合蛋白与症状发展的潜在联系。

自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）是一个复杂的挑战，受遗传和环境因素的影响。本文综述了calbindin (CB), calretinin （CR）和parvalbumin （PV）蛋白在ASD中的作用，探讨了它们的临床相关性，并对谱系有了更深入的了解。此外，我们试图了解这些蛋白在gaba能调节中的作用及其在ASD病理生理中的意义。回顾的研究显示，与典型对照相比，ASD个体前额皮质的PV+中间神经元显著减少。这种减少与局部突触超连通性有关，其特征是兴奋性突触数量增加，抑制性突触减少。还观察到PV+的降低与ASD行为症状的严重程度之间存在相关性。该研究强调gaba能失衡是ASD神经病理学的一个重要组成部分，强调钙结合蛋白，特别是PV，在调节神经元兴奋性和调节突触连通性方面的作用。这些发现为开发旨在调节神经元活动和改善ASD相关症状的新治疗策略提供了有价值的见解。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience 医学-发育生物学

CiteScore

3.30

自引率

5.60%

发文量

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience publishes original research articles and critical review papers on all fundamental and clinical aspects of nervous system development, renewal and regeneration, as well as on the effects of genetic and environmental perturbations of brain development and homeostasis leading to neurodevelopmental disorders and neurological conditions. Studies describing the involvement of stem cells in nervous system maintenance and disease (including brain tumours), stem cell-based approaches for the investigation of neurodegenerative diseases, roles of neuroinflammation in development and disease, and neuroevolution are also encouraged. Investigations using molecular, cellular, physiological, genetic and epigenetic approaches in model systems ranging from simple invertebrates to human iPSC-based 2D and 3D models are encouraged, as are studies using experimental models that provide behavioural or evolutionary insights. The journal also publishes Special Issues dealing with topics at the cutting edge of research edited by Guest Editors appointed by the Editor in Chief. A major aim of the journal is to facilitate the transfer of fundamental studies of nervous system development, maintenance, and disease to clinical applications. The journal thus intends to disseminate valuable information for both biologists and physicians. International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience is owned and supported by The International Society for Developmental Neuroscience (ISDN), an organization of scientists interested in advancing developmental neuroscience research in the broadest sense.