ZnO nanoparticle-embedded Gellan Gum Based Sponge for Accelerated Wound Healing: An in vitro Study on Physicochemical, Antibacterial and Hemostatic Properties

IF 4.7 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Journal of Polymers and the Environment Pub Date : 2024-10-08 DOI:10.1007/s10924-024-03418-y

Başak Kurin Atasoyu, Gülşen Bayrak, Selen Öztürk, Aysun Kılıç Süloğlu, Bengi Özkahraman, Işık Perçin

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Abstract

In the current study, a biocompatible zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticle embedded gellan gum (GG) (GG-ZnNP) sponge with excellent antibacterial activity, enhanced wound healing and hemostatic properties was presented. Firstly, ZnO nanoparticles were synthesized by co-precipitation methods and characterized through Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. The size distribution and morphology of the ZnO nanoparticles were investigated by applying dynamic light scattering (DLS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Presence and distribution of the ZnO nanoparticles in GG sponges were examined with Energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDX) Thermogravitational Analysis (TGA) conducted to evaluate the thermal stability of GG-ZnO sponges. Following that, ZnO nanoparticles were embedded into GG sponges to enhance their antimicrobial properties. The physicochemical properties of GG-ZnNP sponges were characterized by FTIR, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), swelling and degradation tests. The agar disk diffusion test and colony-forming unit assay findings showed that all GG-ZnNP sponges had a strong antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli (E.coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) bacteria. Furthermore, in vitro blood absorption tests indicated that GG-ZnNP sponges could effectively shorten bleeding time and increase blood absorption capacity. Cell viability studies conducted by MTT and scratch assay with L929 fibroblast cells. MTT assay were performed to found applicable ZnO dose of the sponges to be use as a wound dressings. In vitro scratch assays showed that GG-ZnNP sponges promoted wound closure and re-epithelialization in L929 fibroblast cells at increasing incubation time. GG-ZnNP sponges have a significant and improvable potential for wound dressing applications with their antibacterial and superior hemostatic properties.

Graphical Abstract

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纳米氧化锌包埋结冷胶海绵促进伤口愈合：理化、抗菌和止血性能的体外研究

本研究提出了一种生物相容性氧化锌（ZnO）纳米颗粒包埋结冷胶（GG）（GG- znnp）海绵，具有良好的抗菌活性，促进伤口愈合和止血性能。首先，采用共沉淀法合成了ZnO纳米颗粒，并通过傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）和x射线衍射（XRD）分析对其进行了表征。利用动态光散射（DLS）和透射电子显微镜（TEM）研究了ZnO纳米颗粒的尺寸分布和形貌。利用能量色散x射线能谱（EDX）和热重分析（TGA）对ZnO纳米颗粒在GG-ZnO海绵中的存在和分布进行了表征。然后，将ZnO纳米颗粒包埋在GG海绵中，以增强其抗菌性能。采用红外光谱（FTIR）、扫描电镜（SEM）、溶胀和降解实验对GG-ZnNP海绵的理化性质进行了表征。琼脂盘扩散试验和菌落形成单位试验结果表明，所有g - znnp海绵对大肠杆菌（E.coli）和金黄色葡萄球菌（S. aureus）具有较强的抗菌活性。此外，体外血液吸收试验表明，GG-ZnNP海绵可以有效缩短出血时间，提高血液吸收能力。用MTT法和划痕法研究L929成纤维细胞的细胞活力。采用MTT法确定了用于伤口敷料的海绵氧化锌的合适剂量。体外划伤实验表明，随着培养时间的延长，GG-ZnNP海绵可促进L929成纤维细胞伤口愈合和再上皮化。GG-ZnNP海绵在伤口敷料方面具有显著的改进潜力，具有抗菌和优越的止血性能。图形抽象

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来源期刊

Journal of Polymers and the Environment 工程技术-高分子科学

CiteScore

9.50

自引率

7.50%

发文量

297

审稿时长

9 months

期刊介绍： The Journal of Polymers and the Environment fills the need for an international forum in this diverse and rapidly expanding field. The journal serves a crucial role for the publication of information from a wide range of disciplines and is a central outlet for the publication of high-quality peer-reviewed original papers, review articles and short communications. The journal is intentionally interdisciplinary in regard to contributions and covers the following subjects - polymers, environmentally degradable polymers, and degradation pathways: biological, photochemical, oxidative and hydrolytic; new environmental materials: derived by chemical and biosynthetic routes; environmental blends and composites; developments in processing and reactive processing of environmental polymers; characterization of environmental materials: mechanical, physical, thermal, rheological, morphological, and others; recyclable polymers and plastics recycling environmental testing: in-laboratory simulations, outdoor exposures, and standardization of methodologies; environmental fate: end products and intermediates of biodegradation; microbiology and enzymology of polymer biodegradation; solid-waste management and public legislation specific to environmental polymers; and other related topics.