Analyzing the impacts of race, addiction, drug type, and criminal record on public support for criminalized and medicalized sentencing approaches toward illegal drug use

IF 1.8 2区社会学 Q2 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY

Journal of Experimental Criminology Pub Date : 2025-01-09 DOI:10.1007/s11292-024-09657-2

Carolina R. Caliman, Colleen M. Berryessa

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Objectives

This study examines how a defendant’s addiction, prior criminal record, race, and drug type impact public support for criminalized and medicalized sentencing approaches to illegal drug use, as well as how such support may be moderated by participants’ levels of essentialist thinking.

Methods

This study is a fully-crossed, randomized experiment with a lay public sample (N = 1208).

Results

Public support for medicalized approaches to sentencing was significantly higher for oxycodone and heroin. Support for criminalized approaches was significantly higher for crack and cocaine, and when the defendant was Hispanic, Black, or had a violent criminal record. Essentialist thinking generally predicted increased support for criminalized approaches, but increased support for medicalized approaches when addiction was known.

Conclusions

This research highlights the role of different factors in shaping public support for drug sentencing approaches, as well as suggests that public attitudes about drugs are deeply intertwined with societal narratives about race, addiction, and criminality.

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分析种族、成瘾、药物类型和犯罪记录对公众支持对非法药物使用的刑事化和医疗化量刑方法的影响

目的：本研究探讨被告的成瘾、前科、种族和药物类型如何影响公众对非法药物使用的刑事化和医疗化量刑方法的支持，以及这种支持如何被参与者的本质主义思维水平所调节。方法采用全交叉随机实验，随机抽样1208例。结果羟考酮和海洛因药物化量刑的支持率明显高于其他药物。对于快克和可卡因，当被告是西班牙裔、黑人或有暴力犯罪记录时，对犯罪化方法的支持明显更高。本质主义思维通常预测对犯罪化方法的支持会增加，但当已知成瘾时，对医疗化方法的支持会增加。本研究强调了不同因素在影响公众对毒品量刑方法的支持方面的作用，并表明公众对毒品的态度与种族、成瘾和犯罪的社会叙事深深交织在一起。

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来源期刊

Journal of Experimental Criminology CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY-

CiteScore

6.20

自引率

6.70%

发文量

期刊介绍： The Journal of Experimental Criminology focuses on high quality experimental and quasi-experimental research in the advancement of criminological theory and/or the development of evidence based crime and justice policy. The journal is also committed to the advancement of the science of systematic reviews and experimental methods in criminology and criminal justice. The journal seeks empirical papers on experimental and quasi-experimental studies, systematic reviews on substantive criminological and criminal justice issues, and methodological papers on experimentation and systematic review. The journal encourages submissions from scholars in the broad array of scientific disciplines that are concerned with criminology as well as crime and justice problems.