2D Monolayer Electrocatalysts for CO2 Electroreduction

Abstract

Electrocatalytic carbon dioxide reduction reaction (CO2RR) is an attractive method for converting atmospheric CO2 into value-added chemicals and fuels. In order to overcome the low efficiency and durability that hinder its practical application, a significant amount of research has been dedicated to designing novel catalysts at the nanoscale and even the atomic scale. Two-dimensional (2D) monolayer materials inherit the merits of both 2D materials and single-atom materials. Through bridging the gap between heterogeneous and homogeneous catalysis, 2D monolayer materials exhibit great potential in CO2RR due to the unique structural/electronic properties, high atom utilization , low mass transfer resistance and uniform active sites. Here, we systematically overview the development and application of 2D monolayer catalysts for electrocatalytic CO2RR. Firstly, an overview of the CO2RR technology is presented. Subsequently, a comprehensive discussion is undertaken on various types of 2D monolayer electrocatalysts, such as 2D graphene-based materials, 2D monolayer metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), 2D monolayer covalent organic frameworks (COFs) and 2D monolayer metal-based materials. Their respective electrocatalytic performances are also systematically analyzed. More importantly, novel perspectives on the primary challenges and opportunities associated with the utilization of 2D monolayer materials in CO2RR are presented. Achieving high-quality 2D monolayer materials and producing high-selective multi-carbon products remains the two major challenges in the design, synthesis and appliaction of 2D monolayer electrocatalysts. Addressing these synthesis-related and performance-related issues is sigificant for the progression and practical utilization of 2D monolayer materials in CO₂RR.