Salivary cortisol and affective responses to acute psychosocial stress among adolescents.

IF 3.4 2区 医学 Q2 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
Haley Dveirin, Victoria Acuna, Mai-Lan Tran, Elizabeth E Antici, Kate Ryan Kuhlman
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Abstract

Background: Acute psychosocial stress activates the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and triggers the release of cortisol, a commonly used biomarker of stress reactivity. Yet only 25 % of studies have reported a correlation between cortisol and affective responses to stress. This study aimed to examine whether cortisol reactivity following an acute psychosocial stressor in the laboratory correlated with concurrent positive and negative affect in adolescents, and whether early life adversity (ELA) moderated this relationship.

Methods: The current study examined the salivary cortisol response of 89 adolescents (46.1 % female) following administration of the Trier Social Stress Test for Children (TSST-C). Using 7 simultaneous measurements, changes in cortisol were compared to changes in concurrent affect using the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS). Parents reported their child's exposure to ELA.

Results: Within-person variability in cortisol was associated with higher negative affect at baseline, b = 1.43 (SE =.41), p < .001, as well as more rapid negative affective recovery following stress, b = -0.003 (SE =.002), p = .04. ELA-exposed participants were not more sensitive to this effect. Within-person variability in cortisol was not associated with positive affect at baseline or following the TSST-C on average, all ps > .27. However, within-person increases in cortisol were associated with decrements in positive affect among ELA-exposed individuals, all ps < .01, suggesting differential sensitivity to anhedonic effects of glucocorticoids.

Conclusions: Stress impacts affective states, in part through acute increases in HPA axis activity. The present data show that negative affect is more vulnerable to this than positive affect among adolescents. Further, adolescents with high ELA may be more vulnerable to decrements in positive affect in the acute aftermath of HPA axis activation. Whether this is a modifiable source of vulnerability to stress-related disease in this high-risk population remains to be understood.

背景:急性社会心理压力会激活下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺(HPA)轴,并引发皮质醇的释放,而皮质醇是压力反应性的常用生物标志物。然而,仅有 25% 的研究报告称皮质醇与对压力的情感反应之间存在相关性。本研究旨在探讨在实验室中受到急性社会心理压力后皮质醇的反应性是否与青少年同时出现的积极和消极情绪相关,以及早期生活逆境(ELA)是否会调节这种关系:本研究检测了89名青少年(46.1%为女性)在接受特里尔儿童社会压力测试(TSST-C)后的唾液皮质醇反应。通过 7 次同步测量,皮质醇的变化与使用积极和消极情绪表 (PANAS) 的并发情绪变化进行了比较。家长报告了他们孩子接触英语语言学习的情况:结果:皮质醇在人体内的变化与基线时较高的负面情绪有关,b = 1.43 (SE =.41), p .27。然而,皮质醇在人体内的增加与暴露于 ELA 的人的积极情绪下降有关,所有 ps 结论:压力会影响情绪状态,部分原因是 HPA 轴活动的急性增加。目前的数据显示,在青少年中,消极情绪比积极情绪更容易受到影响。此外,高 ELA 青少年可能更容易在 HPA 轴激活后的急性期出现积极情绪的下降。在这一高风险人群中,这是否是易患压力相关疾病的一个可改变的来源,还有待进一步了解。
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来源期刊
Psychoneuroendocrinology
Psychoneuroendocrinology 医学-精神病学
CiteScore
7.40
自引率
8.10%
发文量
268
审稿时长
66 days
期刊介绍: Psychoneuroendocrinology publishes papers dealing with the interrelated disciplines of psychology, neurobiology, endocrinology, immunology, neurology, and psychiatry, with an emphasis on multidisciplinary studies aiming at integrating these disciplines in terms of either basic research or clinical implications. One of the main goals is to understand how a variety of psychobiological factors interact in the expression of the stress response as it relates to the development and/or maintenance of neuropsychiatric illnesses.
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