Preliminary study of gunshot residues in entry holes at different angles: Feasibility of using LIBS to support trajectory estimation.

IF 2.2 3区 医学 Q1 MEDICINE, LEGAL
Jose Antonio Rodriguez-Pascual, Alicia Doña-Fernández, Francisco Javier Hernández-Crespo, Yolanda Loarce-Tejada, Pedro Sogo Sanchez, Esperanza Gutiérrez-Redomero, Francisco Javier Gomez-Laina
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Abstract

Firearm-related scenarios can be highly complex, involving multiple shooters, firearms, types of ammunition, victims, and various impact zones. Obtaining the maximum amount of information to connect each piece of the puzzle is crucial for resolving these cases. Currently, new tools are being developed in the forensic field that facilitate both fieldwork and laboratory analysis, enabling the estimation of trajectories, identification of shooters, and more. Among these techniques, the application of Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) has gained prominence in ballistic forensic over the past few decades. This study aims to evaluate the information that can be derived from analyzing the spatial distribution of elements composing gunshot residues in entry bullet holes at different angles of incidence using the LIBS technique on various surfaces, such as stainless steel, particleboard, and PVC foam board, using both jacketed and semi-jacketed ammunition. Gunshot residues adhering to the surfaces due to material transfer during projectile transit were collected using adhesive film for subsequent scanning. The results of this preliminary study demonstrate that it is possible to obtain an image of the distribution of the gunshot residue elements analysed (copper and lead) within the entry hole. This would provide additional information to support the estimation of the shot direction. Furthermore, differences in the concentration and distribution of copper and lead in the contact area were observed. Although the obtained density map is dependent on the material of the impact surface, in harder materials such as the stainless steel used in this study, it allows for the differentiation between the two types of ammunition, enabling the correlation of the ammunition with the corresponding entry hole.

不同角度入孔枪弹残余物的初步研究:利用LIBS支持弹道估计的可行性。
与枪支相关的场景可能非常复杂,涉及多个射手、枪支、弹药类型、受害者和各种影响区域。获取最大数量的信息来连接每一块拼图对于解决这些案件至关重要。目前,法医领域正在开发新的工具,以促进现场工作和实验室分析,从而能够估计轨迹,识别射手等等。在这些技术中,激光诱导击穿光谱(LIBS)的应用在过去的几十年里在弹道法医中得到了突出的应用。本研究旨在评估利用LIBS技术在不同表面(如不锈钢、刨花板和PVC泡沫板)使用夹套和半夹套弹药,分析不同入射角入射弹孔中射击残余物组成元素的空间分布所能获得的信息。利用胶膜收集弹丸运输过程中由于物质转移而附着在弹丸表面的弹丸残余物,进行后续扫描。这项初步研究的结果表明,有可能获得进入孔内所分析的射击残留元素(铜和铅)分布的图像。这将提供额外的信息来支持对射击方向的估计。此外,还观察到铜和铅在接触区域的浓度和分布的差异。虽然得到的密度图依赖于冲击面的材料,但在较硬的材料中,如本研究中使用的不锈钢,它允许区分两种弹药,使弹药与相应的进入孔相关联。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Forensic science international
Forensic science international 医学-医学:法
CiteScore
5.00
自引率
9.10%
发文量
285
审稿时长
49 days
期刊介绍: Forensic Science International is the flagship journal in the prestigious Forensic Science International family, publishing the most innovative, cutting-edge, and influential contributions across the forensic sciences. Fields include: forensic pathology and histochemistry, chemistry, biochemistry and toxicology, biology, serology, odontology, psychiatry, anthropology, digital forensics, the physical sciences, firearms, and document examination, as well as investigations of value to public health in its broadest sense, and the important marginal area where science and medicine interact with the law. The journal publishes: Case Reports Commentaries Letters to the Editor Original Research Papers (Regular Papers) Rapid Communications Review Articles Technical Notes.
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