Estrogen, estrogen receptor and the tumor microenvironment of NSCLC

IF 5.7 2区 医学 Q1 ONCOLOGY
Mingxin Diao, Yangwei Wang, Shihao Wu, Shiwen He, Yongde Liao
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Abstract

Lung cancer remains the foremost cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Clinical observations reveal a notable increase in both the proportion and mortality rate among female non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients compared to males, a trend that continues to escalate. Extensive preclinical research underscores the pivotal role of estrogen in the initiation, progression, prognosis, and treatment response of NSCLC. Estrogen receptors are widely expressed in stromal and immune cells, influencing cellular activities across innate and adaptive immune systems. Immune evasion mechanisms significantly impact tumor development and outcomes, with immunotherapy offering promise in NSCLC by targeting these mechanisms. The intriguing gender disparities in immunotherapy responses prompt an exploration into the data on NSCLC occurrence, progression, and gender-specific immunotherapy. Evidence highlights estrogen's contribution to a tumor-permissive microenvironment, influencing various cells including cancer-associated fibroblasts, macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, natural killer cells, B cells, and T cells. Gender-specific variations in NSCLC occurrence, development, prognosis, and treatment efficacy likely stem from interactions between estrogen, lung cancer cells, and these estrogen-responsive cells, shaping a microenvironment conducive to tumor progression. Clarifying estrogen's role and its signaling pathways in NSCLC may unveil novel therapeutic strategies to modify the tumor microenvironment or enhance immunotherapy efficacy.

Abstract Image

雌激素、雌激素受体与非小细胞肺癌的肿瘤微环境。
肺癌仍然是全球癌症相关死亡的首要原因。临床观察显示,与男性相比,女性非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)患者的比例和死亡率都有显著增加,这一趋势还在继续升级。大量的临床前研究强调了雌激素在非小细胞肺癌的发生、进展、预后和治疗反应中的关键作用。雌激素受体在基质细胞和免疫细胞中广泛表达,影响先天和适应性免疫系统的细胞活动。免疫逃避机制显著影响肿瘤的发展和预后,针对这些机制的免疫治疗为非小细胞肺癌提供了希望。免疫治疗反应中有趣的性别差异促使我们对非小细胞肺癌的发生、进展和性别特异性免疫治疗的数据进行探索。证据强调雌激素对肿瘤容许微环境的贡献,影响各种细胞,包括癌症相关的成纤维细胞、巨噬细胞、中性粒细胞、树突状细胞、自然杀伤细胞、B细胞和T细胞。非小细胞肺癌的发生、发展、预后和治疗效果的性别差异可能源于雌激素、肺癌细胞和这些雌激素应答细胞之间的相互作用,形成有利于肿瘤进展的微环境。阐明雌激素在非小细胞肺癌中的作用及其信号通路可能揭示新的治疗策略,以改变肿瘤微环境或提高免疫治疗效果。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
13.40
自引率
3.10%
发文量
460
审稿时长
2 months
期刊介绍: The International Journal of Cancer (IJC) is the official journal of the Union for International Cancer Control—UICC; it appears twice a month. IJC invites submission of manuscripts under a broad scope of topics relevant to experimental and clinical cancer research and publishes original Research Articles and Short Reports under the following categories: -Cancer Epidemiology- Cancer Genetics and Epigenetics- Infectious Causes of Cancer- Innovative Tools and Methods- Molecular Cancer Biology- Tumor Immunology and Microenvironment- Tumor Markers and Signatures- Cancer Therapy and Prevention
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