FeO might be more suitable than Fe2+ for the construction of anammox-dominated Fe-N coupling system: Based on 15N isotope tracing

IF 11.4 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Water Research Pub Date : 2025-01-04 DOI:10.1016/j.watres.2025.123097

Fangxu Jia , Yao Chen , Zhicheng Xu , Xinyu Gao , Ning Mei , Xin Qi , Lijun Yang , Jie Jiang , Lu Hou , Hong Yao

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Abstract

Iron not only influences the activity of anammox bacteria (AnAOB) but also participates in complex Fe-N cycles. In this study, the advanced ¹⁵N isotope tracing method was set up to quantify the potential rates of full nitrogen metabolic pathways under different ferrous iron (Fe²⁺ and FeO) within two identical anammox granular reactors. The results indicated that both Fe²⁺ and FeO enhanced AnAOB activity. However, compared to Fe²⁺, which readily precipitates and oxidizes, the system supplemented with FeO exhibited higher Fe-N metabolic activity and greater metabolic diversity. This is attributed to the gradual release of Fe²⁺ from FeO, providing a sustainable and stable supply of Fe²⁺ for microorganisms. Furthermore, Subgroup_10 and Paludibaculum were identified as potential functional bacteria for feammox, while Denitratisoma, I-8 and Arenimonas were for NDFO. These results suggest that FeO addition is more beneficial for the construction of a Fe-N coupling system. Overall, this study enhances our understanding of how with exogenous iron can strengthen the anammox system, laying a theoretical foundation for the development of anammox-dominant Fe-N coupling systems.

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基于15N同位素示踪，FeO可能比Fe2+更适合构建厌氧氨氧化为主的Fe-N耦合体系

铁不仅影响厌氧氨氧化菌（AnAOB）的活性，还参与复杂的铁-氮循环。本研究建立了先进的15N同位素示踪方法，量化了两个相同的厌氧氨氧化颗粒反应器中不同亚铁（Fe2+和FeO）下全氮代谢途径的潜在速率。结果表明，Fe2+和FeO均能增强AnAOB活性。然而，与易于沉淀和氧化的Fe2+相比，添加FeO的体系表现出更高的Fe-N代谢活性和更大的代谢多样性。这是由于FeO逐渐释放出Fe2+，为微生物提供了持续稳定的Fe2+供应。此外，亚群_10和Paludibaculum被鉴定为feammox的潜在功能菌，而脱硝体（Denitratisoma）、I-8和Arenimonas被鉴定为NDFO的潜在功能菌。这些结果表明，FeO的加入更有利于Fe-N耦合体系的构建。总的来说，本研究加深了我们对外源铁如何强化厌氧氨氧化系统的理解，为开发以厌氧氨氧化为主的Fe-N耦合系统奠定了理论基础。

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来源期刊

Water Research 环境科学-工程：环境

CiteScore

20.80

自引率

9.40%

发文量

1307

审稿时长

38 days

期刊介绍： Water Research, along with its open access companion journal Water Research X, serves as a platform for publishing original research papers covering various aspects of the science and technology related to the anthropogenic water cycle, water quality, and its management worldwide. The audience targeted by the journal comprises biologists, chemical engineers, chemists, civil engineers, environmental engineers, limnologists, and microbiologists. The scope of the journal include: •Treatment processes for water and wastewaters (municipal, agricultural, industrial, and on-site treatment), including resource recovery and residuals management; •Urban hydrology including sewer systems, stormwater management, and green infrastructure; •Drinking water treatment and distribution; •Potable and non-potable water reuse; •Sanitation, public health, and risk assessment; •Anaerobic digestion, solid and hazardous waste management, including source characterization and the effects and control of leachates and gaseous emissions; •Contaminants (chemical, microbial, anthropogenic particles such as nanoparticles or microplastics) and related water quality sensing, monitoring, fate, and assessment; •Anthropogenic impacts on inland, tidal, coastal and urban waters, focusing on surface and ground waters, and point and non-point sources of pollution; •Environmental restoration, linked to surface water, groundwater and groundwater remediation; •Analysis of the interfaces between sediments and water, and between water and atmosphere, focusing specifically on anthropogenic impacts; •Mathematical modelling, systems analysis, machine learning, and beneficial use of big data related to the anthropogenic water cycle; •Socio-economic, policy, and regulations studies.