A comparative life cycle assessment of Pt nanoalloy/carbon nitride/graphene electrocatalysts for PEMFC stacks

IF 13.2 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Chemical Engineering Journal Pub Date : 2025-01-03 DOI:10.1016/j.cej.2025.159251

Giovanna Paladin, Alessandro Manzardo, Angeloclaudio Nale, Enrico Negro, Vito di Noto

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Abstract

The present work compares the potential environmental impact of two proton-exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) stacks using life cycle assessment (LCA) methodology. The two PEMFC stacks yield the same output power, even if they have a different electrocatalyst (EC) to promote the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). The two investigated ECs are: (i) a state-of-the-art Pt/C EC; and (ii) an innovative hierarchical PtX_n nanoalloy (X = Cu and/or Ni)/Carbon Nitride/Graphene “core–shell” EC, labelled hereinafter “PtX_n-CN/Gr”. The latter is enabled by graphene and related materials (GRMs). The features of the PEMFC stacks in terms of functional components, operating conditions and performance are modeled on experimental results obtained from pilot devices. The contributions of the various functional components included in the PEMFC stacks (e.g., the ECs, the proton-exchange membrane and the gas-diffusion layers) are quantified explicitly. The potential impact categories results are investigated through (i) a Monte Carlo analysis, to determine their uncertainties, and (ii) a sensitivity analysis, to verify their relationship with the modelling parameters (e.g., the source of platinum and the scale of the synthetic process leading to the ECs). Finally, on the basis of the analysis of LCA results, a number of avenues are proposed to minimize the potential environmental impact of PEMFC systems

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铂纳米合金/氮化碳/石墨烯电催化剂在PEMFC堆中的寿命周期比较评估

本研究使用生命周期评估（LCA）方法比较了两种质子交换膜燃料电池（PEMFC）堆叠的潜在环境影响。即使使用不同的电催化剂（EC）来促进氧还原反应（ORR），两个PEMFC堆叠产生相同的输出功率。被调查的两个EC是：(i)最先进的Pt/C EC；（ii）一种创新的分层PtXn纳米合金（X = Cu和/或Ni）/氮化碳/石墨烯“核壳”EC，以下标记为“PtXn- cn /Gr”。后者由石墨烯和相关材料（GRMs）实现。根据中导装置的实验结果，模拟了PEMFC堆叠在功能组件、工作条件和性能方面的特点。PEMFC堆叠中包含的各种功能组件（例如，ec，质子交换膜和气体扩散层）的贡献被明确地量化。通过(i)蒙特卡罗分析来调查潜在影响类别的结果，以确定它们的不确定性，以及（ii）敏感性分析，以验证它们与建模参数（例如，铂的来源和导致ec的合成过程的规模）的关系。最后，在分析LCA结果的基础上，提出了一些最小化PEMFC系统潜在环境影响的途径

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来源期刊

Chemical Engineering Journal 工程技术-工程：化工

CiteScore

21.70

自引率

9.30%

发文量

6781

审稿时长

2.4 months

期刊介绍： The Chemical Engineering Journal is an international research journal that invites contributions of original and novel fundamental research. It aims to provide an international platform for presenting original fundamental research, interpretative reviews, and discussions on new developments in chemical engineering. The journal welcomes papers that describe novel theory and its practical application, as well as those that demonstrate the transfer of techniques from other disciplines. It also welcomes reports on carefully conducted experimental work that is soundly interpreted. The main focus of the journal is on original and rigorous research results that have broad significance. The Catalysis section within the Chemical Engineering Journal focuses specifically on Experimental and Theoretical studies in the fields of heterogeneous catalysis, molecular catalysis, and biocatalysis. These studies have industrial impact on various sectors such as chemicals, energy, materials, foods, healthcare, and environmental protection.