An efficient fungi-biochar-based system for advancing sustainable management of combined pollution

IF 7.6 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environmental Pollution Pub Date : 2025-01-04 DOI:10.1016/j.envpol.2025.125649

Ying Xia, Minghui Deng, Tao Zhang, Junjun Yu, Xinda Lin

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Abstract

Heavy metal (HM) contamination poses significant global environmental threats, impacting ecosystems, public health, and sustainable development. Fungi, as eco-friendly alternatives to chemical treatments, have the potential to reduce HM bioavailability in contaminated soils while promoting plant growth. However, current fungal remediation methods face limitations in efficiency, long-term effectiveness, and the ability to address combined contamination, particularly with naturally occurring strains. Herein, we developed a Trichoderma reesei-Laccase (LAC)-Biochar coupling system (TLBS), based on the structural and electrostatic analyses of LAC’s metal-chelated active site (T1 Cu), for the sustainable remediation of combined pollutants, including HMs. In the TLBS, genetically engineered T. reesei produces a mutated LAC with enhanced binding capability for HMs (Ni and Cd). The TLBS enables high-efficiency remediation through three steps. First, lignin-derived biochar serves as both a supportive carrier and an inducer, initiating LAC expression. Second, natural mediators are released due to the interaction between biochar and T. reesei, and LAC is activated by environmental HMs and natural mediators. Finally, TLBS achieved significant reductions in the available concentrations of Ni (93.63%) and Cd (89.68%) and efficiently remediated multiple organic pollutants (71.41–96.79%), including antibiotics and pesticides. Furthermore, the synergistic interaction among TLBS components ensures long-term remediation effects in environments rich in agricultural biomass, making it ideal for eco-friendly farming practices. This in situ amendment strategy, utilizing only green, biodegradable lignocellulosic wastes and environmentally friendly fungi, offers new pathways for the sustainable management of combined contamination and the improvement of human health.

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促进复合污染可持续管理的高效真菌-生物炭系统

重金属污染对全球环境构成重大威胁，影响生态系统、公众健康和可持续发展。真菌作为化学处理的环保替代品，有可能在促进植物生长的同时降低污染土壤中HM的生物利用度。然而，目前的真菌修复方法在效率、长期有效性和处理复合污染的能力方面面临局限性，特别是与自然发生的菌株。在此，我们基于对木霉-漆酶（LAC）金属螯合活性位点（T1 Cu）的结构和静电分析，开发了一种生物炭偶联系统（TLBS），用于可持续修复包括HMs在内的复合污染物。在TLBS中，基因工程T. reesei产生了一种突变LAC，其对HMs （Ni和Cd）的结合能力增强。TLBS通过三个步骤实现高效的修复。首先，木质素衍生的生物炭作为支持载体和诱导剂，启动LAC表达。其次，生物炭与芦笋相互作用释放天然介质，LAC被环境HMs和天然介质激活。最后，TLBS显著降低了Ni（93.63%）和Cd（89.68%）的有效浓度，并有效修复了多种有机污染物（71.41-96.79%），包括抗生素和农药。此外，TLBS组分之间的协同作用确保了在农业生物质丰富的环境中具有长期的修复效果，使其成为生态友好型农业实践的理想选择。这种就地修正战略仅利用绿色、可生物降解的木质纤维素废物和环境友好型真菌，为可持续管理综合污染和改善人类健康提供了新的途径。

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来源期刊

Environmental Pollution 环境科学-环境科学

CiteScore

16.00

自引率

6.70%

发文量

2082

审稿时长

2.9 months

期刊介绍： Environmental Pollution is an international peer-reviewed journal that publishes high-quality research papers and review articles covering all aspects of environmental pollution and its impacts on ecosystems and human health. Subject areas include, but are not limited to: • Sources and occurrences of pollutants that are clearly defined and measured in environmental compartments, food and food-related items, and human bodies; • Interlinks between contaminant exposure and biological, ecological, and human health effects, including those of climate change; • Contaminants of emerging concerns (including but not limited to antibiotic resistant microorganisms or genes, microplastics/nanoplastics, electronic wastes, light, and noise) and/or their biological, ecological, or human health effects; • Laboratory and field studies on the remediation/mitigation of environmental pollution via new techniques and with clear links to biological, ecological, or human health effects; • Modeling of pollution processes, patterns, or trends that is of clear environmental and/or human health interest; • New techniques that measure and examine environmental occurrences, transport, behavior, and effects of pollutants within the environment or the laboratory, provided that they can be clearly used to address problems within regional or global environmental compartments.