Photon number-resolving aluminum kinetic inductance detectors

IF 3.6 2区物理与天体物理 Q2 PHYSICS, APPLIED

Applied Physics Letters Pub Date : 2025-01-03 DOI:10.1063/5.0234649

X. Dai, H. Wang, Y. Wang, Z. Mai, Z. Shi, Y.-F. Wang, H. Jia, J. Liu, Q. He, M. Dai, P. Ouyang, Y. Chai, L.-F. Wei, L. Zhang, Y. Zhong, W. Guo, S. Liu, D. Yu

引用次数: 0

Abstract

We study the multi-photon energy resolution and demonstrate photon counting up to about 30 photons at near-infrared wavelengths in a kinetic inductance detector made from aluminum (Al) film. The detector has a lumped-element design comprising a large interdigitated capacitor in parallel with a narrow inductive strip. A fiber-coupled lens is used to focus the light onto the inductive absorber to minimize photon scattering. Detectors with different designs and film thicknesses are studied. From the histogram of the optimally filtered multi-photon response pulse height, we find that the square of the energy resolution of the n-photon peak ΔEn2 increases linearly with the absorbed photon energy nhν. The detector made from a thicker Al film has a smaller slope of ΔEn2 with nhν, suggesting lower phonon loss in a thicker absorber. We also discuss other factors that limit the energy resolution and maximum resolvable photon number, including the dark noise and position-dependent response.

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光子数分辨铝动态电感探测器

我们研究了多光子能量分辨率，并演示了在近红外波长下，由铝（Al）薄膜制成的动态电感探测器的光子计数高达约30个光子。该检测器具有集总元件设计，包括与窄电感带并联的大型交叉电容。使用光纤耦合透镜将光聚焦到感应吸收器上，以减少光子散射。研究了不同设计和不同薄膜厚度的探测器。从最优滤波后的多光子响应脉冲高度直方图中，我们发现n光子峰能量分辨率ΔEn2的平方随着吸收的光子能量nhν线性增加。由较厚的铝膜制成的探测器与nhν的斜率ΔEn2较小，表明较厚的吸收体中的声子损失较低。我们还讨论了限制能量分辨率和最大可分辨光子数的其他因素，包括暗噪声和位置相关响应。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Applied Physics Letters 物理-物理：应用

CiteScore

6.40

自引率

10.00%

发文量

1821

审稿时长

1.6 months

期刊介绍： Applied Physics Letters (APL) features concise, up-to-date reports on significant new findings in applied physics. Emphasizing rapid dissemination of key data and new physical insights, APL offers prompt publication of new experimental and theoretical papers reporting applications of physics phenomena to all branches of science, engineering, and modern technology. In addition to regular articles, the journal also publishes invited Fast Track, Perspectives, and in-depth Editorials which report on cutting-edge areas in applied physics. APL Perspectives are forward-looking invited letters which highlight recent developments or discoveries. Emphasis is placed on very recent developments, potentially disruptive technologies, open questions and possible solutions. They also include a mini-roadmap detailing where the community should direct efforts in order for the phenomena to be viable for application and the challenges associated with meeting that performance threshold. Perspectives are characterized by personal viewpoints and opinions of recognized experts in the field. Fast Track articles are invited original research articles that report results that are particularly novel and important or provide a significant advancement in an emerging field. Because of the urgency and scientific importance of the work, the peer review process is accelerated. If, during the review process, it becomes apparent that the paper does not meet the Fast Track criterion, it is returned to a normal track.