Human Footprint and Forest Disturbance Reduce Space Use of Brown Bears (Ursus arctos) Across Europe

IF 10.8 1区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION
Anne G. Hertel, Aida Parres, Shane C. Frank, Julien Renaud, Nuria Selva, Andreas Zedrosser, Niko Balkenhol, Luigi Maiorano, Ancuta Fedorca, Trishna Dutta, Neda Bogdanović, Natalia Bragalanti, Silviu Chiriac, Duško Ćirović, Paolo Ciucci, Csaba Domokos, Mihai Fedorca, Stefano Filacorda, Slavomir Finďo, Claudio Groff, Miguel de Gabriel Hernando, Djuro Huber, Georgeta Ionescu, Klemen Jerina, Alexandros A. Karamanlidis, Jonas Kindberg, Ilpo Kojola, Yorgos Mertzanis, Santiago Palazon, Mihai I. Pop, Maria Psaralexi, Pierre Yves Quenette, Agnieszka Sergiel, Michaela Skuban, Diana Zlatanova, Tomasz Zwijacz-Kozica, Marta De Barba
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Three-quarters of the planet's land surface has been altered by humans, with consequences for animal ecology, movements and related ecosystem functioning. Species often occupy wide geographical ranges with contrasting human disturbance and environmental conditions, yet, limited data availability across species' ranges has constrained our understanding of how human pressure and resource availability jointly shape intraspecific variation of animal space use. Leveraging a unique dataset of 758 annual GPS movement trajectories from 375 brown bears (Ursus arctos) across the species' range in Europe, we investigated the effects of human pressure (i.e., human footprint index), resource availability and predictability, forest cover and disturbance, and area-based conservation measures on brown bear space use. We quantified space use at different spatiotemporal scales during the growing season (May–September): home range size; representing general space requirements, 10-day long-distance displacement distances, and routine 1-day displacement distances. We found large intraspecific variation in brown bear space use across all scales, which was profoundly affected by human footprint index, vegetation productivity, and recent forest disturbances creating opportunity for resource pulses. Bears occupied smaller home ranges and moved less in more anthropized landscapes and in areas with higher resource availability and predictability. Forest disturbances reduced space use while contiguous forest cover promoted longer daily movements. The amount of strictly protected and roadless areas within bear home ranges was too small to affect space use. Anthropized landscapes may hinder the expansion of small and isolated populations, such as the Apennine and Pyrenean, and obstruct population connectivity, for example between the Dinaric Pindos population and the Alpine or Carpathian population. Our findings call for actions to maintain bear movements across landscapes with high human footprint, for example by maintaining forest integrity, to support viable bear populations and their ecosystem functions.

Abstract Image

Abstract Image

人类足迹和森林干扰减少了整个欧洲棕熊(熊)的空间使用
地球四分之三的陆地表面已被人类改变,对动物生态、运动和相关的生态系统功能造成了影响。物种通常占据广泛的地理范围,与人类干扰和环境条件形成鲜明对比,然而,物种范围内有限的数据可用性限制了我们对人类压力和资源可用性如何共同影响动物空间利用的种内变化的理解。利用欧洲375只棕熊(Ursus arctos) 758个年度GPS运动轨迹的独特数据集,研究了人类压力(即人类足迹指数)、资源可用性和可预测性、森林覆盖和干扰以及基于区域的保护措施对棕熊空间利用的影响。我们在不同的时空尺度上量化了生长季节(5 - 9月)的空间利用:家园范围大小;表示一般空间需求、10天长距离位移距离、1天常规位移距离。我们发现棕熊在所有尺度上的空间利用都有很大的种内差异,这受到人类足迹指数、植被生产力和近期森林干扰的深刻影响,这些干扰为资源脉冲创造了机会。熊的活动范围较小,在人类活动较多的地区和资源可用性和可预测性较高的地区活动较少。森林干扰减少了空间的利用,而连续的森林覆盖则促进了更长时间的日常活动。在熊的活动范围内,受到严格保护的无路区域的数量太少,不足以影响空间的使用。人为景观可能会阻碍亚平宁山脉和比利牛斯山脉等小型和孤立种群的扩张,并阻碍种群之间的联系,例如迪纳尔平多斯种群与阿尔卑斯或喀尔巴阡山脉种群之间的联系。我们的研究结果呼吁采取行动,在人类足迹高的地区维持熊的活动,例如保持森林的完整性,以支持可行的熊种群及其生态系统功能。
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来源期刊
Global Change Biology
Global Change Biology 环境科学-环境科学
CiteScore
21.50
自引率
5.20%
发文量
497
审稿时长
3.3 months
期刊介绍: Global Change Biology is an environmental change journal committed to shaping the future and addressing the world's most pressing challenges, including sustainability, climate change, environmental protection, food and water safety, and global health. Dedicated to fostering a profound understanding of the impacts of global change on biological systems and offering innovative solutions, the journal publishes a diverse range of content, including primary research articles, technical advances, research reviews, reports, opinions, perspectives, commentaries, and letters. Starting with the 2024 volume, Global Change Biology will transition to an online-only format, enhancing accessibility and contributing to the evolution of scholarly communication.
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