[Identification and Analysis of Irregular Antibodies in Hospitalized Patients Prepared to Accept Blood Transfusion].

Abstract

Objective: To analyze the type and distribution characteristics of irregular antibodies in 71 847 hospitalized patients who prepared to accept blood transfusion, and to explore their role in safe blood transfusion.

Methods: 71 847 patients who applied for red blood transfusion from January 2020 to October 2023 were selected. All specimens were screened and identified for the irregular antibody by microcolumn gel antiglobulin technique.

Results: Among the 71 847 patients preparing for accept blood transfusion, 301 cases tested positive for irregular antibodies（0.42%）. Of these 301 antibody-positive patients, 252 (83.72%) exhibited alloantibodies. The Rh blood group system was the most common, accounting for 179 cases (59.47%). Antibodies in Rh blood group system included anti-E (135,44.85%), anti-E + c (24,7.97%), anti-C + e (10,3.32%), anti-c (6,1.99%), anti-D (3,1.00%), and anti-D + C (1,0.33%). By analyzing 301 cases with irregular antibodies, it found the positive rate of >60 years old group was higher than that in ≤60 years old (0.61% vs 0.33%), female group was higher than that in male group (0.50% vs 0.31%), internal medicine and gynaecology and obstetrics groups were both higher than that in surgery group (1.25% vs 0.20%; 0.32% vs 0.20%), group with pregnancy/transfusion history was higher than that in non-pregnancy/transfusion history (0.64% vs 0.13%), the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05).

Conclusion: In the routine monitoring of the blood group, it is necessary to detect RhE, so as to reduce the positive rate of irregular antibodies greatly and further ensure the safety of blood transfusion.