Clonal dissemination of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcaceae between Algerian sheep farms

IF 3.7 3区医学 Q2 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Journal of global antimicrobial resistance Pub Date : 2024-12-30 DOI:10.1016/j.jgar.2024.12.017

Chahrazed Belhout , Javier E. Fernandez , Patrick Butaye , Vincent Perreten

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Abstract

Objectives

Sheep farming represents an important economic sector in Algeria, and the potential dissemination of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcaceae (MRS) is a critical veterinary and public health concern. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and types of MRS in ovine in Algeria and characterize them using whole-genome sequencing (WGS) analysis.

Methods

Two hundred sheep from 20 different Algerian farms across 3 regions were screened for nasal colonization with MRS. The isolates were identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS), their minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined by broth microdilution, and the presence of the mec gene was confirmed with polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The mec-positive isolates were sequenced using Illumina technology to build species specific core genome multilocus sequence typing (cgMLST)- and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs)-based phylogenies and perform an in silico screening for antimicrobial resistance genes.

Results

The prevalence of MRS-positive farms was 85% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 69.34%–100%) across the sampled farms. Ten distinct Staphylococcaceae species were identified, with Staphylococcus saprophyticus (S. saprophyticus; n = 29), Mammaliicoccus lentus (M. lentus; n = 24), and Staphylococcus haemolyticus (S. haemolyticus; n = 19) being the predominant species. WGS-based phylogeny and SNP analysis (0 to 126 SNPs) revealed that isolates of these three species were highly related, indicating clonal dissemination within and between farms. MRS exhibited a multi-drug resistance pattern, with detection of resistance genes for β-lactams, tetracyclines, fusidic acid, trimethoprim, aminoglycosides, tiamulin, and macrolides.

Conclusions

Specific clonal lineages of methicillin-resistant S. saprophyticus, S. haemolyticus, and M. lentus are widespread in Algerian sheep farms. Enhancing hygiene practices on farms is recommended to prevent further dissemination of these resistant strains to animals and humans. © 2025 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of International Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy.

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耐甲氧西林葡萄球菌科在阿尔及利亚绵羊养殖场间的克隆传播。

目的：养羊业是阿尔及利亚的一个重要经济部门，耐甲氧西林葡萄球菌（MRS）的潜在传播是兽医和公共卫生的一个重要问题。本研究旨在确定 MRS 在阿尔及利亚绵羊中的流行率和类型，并利用全基因组测序（WGS）分析确定其特征：方法：对来自阿尔及利亚三个地区 20 个不同农场的 200 只绵羊进行了鼻腔 MRS 定殖筛查。用 MALDI-TOF MS 鉴定分离物，用肉汤微量稀释法测定其最小抑菌浓度 (MIC)，用 PCR 确认是否存在 mec 基因。利用Illumina技术对mec阳性分离物进行测序，以建立基于物种特异性cgMLST和单核苷酸多态性（SNPs）的系统进化，并对抗菌药耐药基因进行体内筛选：在所有采样农场中，MRS 阳性农场的比例为 85%（95% CI，69.34%-100%）。确定了 10 个不同的葡萄球菌科菌种，其中最主要的菌种是溶血性葡萄球菌（29 个）、哺乳球菌（24 个）和溶血性葡萄球菌（19 个）。基于 WGS 的系统发育和 SNP 分析（0 至 126 个 SNP）显示，这三个物种的分离株高度相关，表明在农场内部和农场之间存在克隆传播。MRS表现出多种耐药模式，检测到对β-内酰胺类、四环素类、夫西地酸、三甲氧苄啶、氨基糖苷类、替米考星和大环内酯类的耐药基因：结论：耐甲氧西林溶血性链球菌、溶血性链球菌和扁桃体霉菌的特异性克隆在阿尔及利亚养羊场很普遍。建议加强农场的卫生习惯，以防止这些耐药菌株进一步传播给动物和人类。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of global antimicrobial resistance INFECTIOUS DISEASES-PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY

CiteScore

8.70

自引率

2.20%

发文量

285

审稿时长

34 weeks

期刊介绍： The Journal of Global Antimicrobial Resistance (JGAR) is a quarterly online journal run by an international Editorial Board that focuses on the global spread of antibiotic-resistant microbes. JGAR is a dedicated journal for all professionals working in research, health care, the environment and animal infection control, aiming to track the resistance threat worldwide and provides a single voice devoted to antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Featuring peer-reviewed and up to date research articles, reviews, short notes and hot topics JGAR covers the key topics related to antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal and antiparasitic resistance.