Oropharyngeal Colostrum Administration in Premature Infants: Impact on Immune Status and Incidence of Common Morbidities.

IF 1.7 Q2 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL
International Journal of Preventive Medicine Pub Date : 2024-11-28 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI:10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_132_23
Majid Mohammadizadeh, Azadeh Jafari, Behzad Barekatain
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Enteral feeding of preterm infants with maternal colostrum has well-known effects on protecting them, especially against serious infections. This study was conducted to determine whether oropharyngeal administration of colostrum to these infants, soon after birth, has any additional effect on their clinical outcomes and stimulation of their immune system.

Methods: In this double-blind randomized clinical trial, 60 preterm infants ≤30 weeks' gestation with birth weight ≤1500 g were randomly assigned to receive oropharyngeal colostrum (OAC group) or distilled water (DW group). Primary outcomes were urinary concentration of IgA on days 1, 8, and 15 of birth and incidence of late onset sepsis (LOS) and necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). Data were analyzed by independent samples t-test, repeated measures ANOVA, and Chi-square test using SPSS v. 25.

Results: The frequency of LOS, NEC, CLD, and mortality and the mean duration of hospitalization and the time to reach full enteral feeding were similar in both groups (P > 0.05). The mean of urinary IgA levels increased significantly from the 1st day of birth to the 15th day of birth in the OAC group (P = 0.013) but decreased significantly from the 1st day of birth to the 8th and 15th days of birth in the DW group (P = 0.04). Results of repeated measures ANOVA test regarding the impact of the two interventions during the studied times on the level of IgA showed that the differences between the means were statistically significant [F (2,116) = 5.12, P = 0.007].

Conclusions: Oropharyngeal administration of colostrum within the first days of life in preterm infants increases the concentration of IgA in urine. The impact of this immune response on common morbidities of these infants, particularly extremely low gestational age neonates, still needs to be investigated more in other larger studies.

早产儿口咽初乳给药:对免疫状态和常见疾病发生率的影响。
背景:用母体初乳肠内喂养早产儿具有众所周知的保护作用,特别是防止严重感染。本研究旨在确定这些婴儿出生后不久经口咽部给予初乳是否对其临床结果和免疫系统的刺激有任何额外的影响。方法:采用双盲随机临床试验,将60例≤30孕周、出生体重≤1500 g的早产儿随机分为口咽初乳组(OAC组)和蒸馏水组(DW组)。主要结局是出生第1、8和15天的尿IgA浓度以及晚发型脓毒症(LOS)和坏死性小肠结肠炎(NEC)的发生率。数据分析采用独立样本t检验、重复测量方差分析和卡方检验,使用SPSS v. 25。结果:两组患儿LOS、NEC、CLD发生率、死亡率、平均住院时间及达到肠内完全喂养时间比较,差异无统计学意义(P < 0.05)。OAC组新生儿出生第1天至第15天尿IgA水平均值显著升高(P = 0.013), DW组新生儿出生第1天至第8、15天尿IgA水平均值显著降低(P = 0.04)。研究时间内两种干预措施对IgA水平影响的重复测量方差分析结果显示,均值间差异有统计学意义[F (2116) = 5.12, P = 0.007]。结论:早产儿在出生后第1天口服初乳可增加尿中IgA浓度。这种免疫反应对这些婴儿,特别是极低胎龄新生儿的常见发病率的影响,仍需要在其他更大规模的研究中进行更多的调查。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
International Journal of Preventive Medicine
International Journal of Preventive Medicine MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL-
CiteScore
3.20
自引率
4.80%
发文量
107
期刊介绍: International Journal of Preventive Medicine, a publication of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, is a peer-reviewed online journal with Continuous print on demand compilation of issues published. The journal’s full text is available online at http://www.ijpvmjournal.net. The journal allows free access (Open Access) to its contents and permits authors to self-archive final accepted version of the articles on any OAI-compliant institutional / subject-based repository. The journal will cover technical and clinical studies related to health, ethical and social issues in field of Preventive Medicine. Articles with clinical interest and implications will be given preference.
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