Distribution and Conservation of Ephedra rhytidosperma

IF 2.3 2区 生物学 Q2 ECOLOGY
Chao Tan, David Kay Ferguson, Yong Yang
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Abstract

With global warming and increasingly intensified human activities, numerous species are on the verge of extinction, ca. 28% of living species are threatened globally, although conservation of endangered species has received worldwide attention. It remains unclear if threatened species have been appropriately conserved or not. Ephedra rhytidosperma is an endangered species and included in the List of National Key Protected Wild Plants in China (released in September 2021). This shrubby species is endemic to the Helan Mountains in northwestern China where it dominates the lowland vegetation. We have conducted an integrative investigation on the conservation of the species. We used the MaxEnt model to predict the potential geographic distribution of E. rhytidosperma under past, current, and future climatic scenarios based on distributional occurrences and environmental data and investigated the conservation status and its effectiveness. The results show that E. rhytidosperma is mainly distributed in lowland Helan Mountains, while the range in the past and future show different patterns. The range has shrunk significantly and migrated westwards since the Last Interglacial, whereas the projected area in the future displays a fluctuating pattern and easterly migration. The precipitation (Bio14), the temperature (Bio9), and degree of slope (Slope) are the dominant factors influencing its current and future ranges. We also found that E. rhytidosperma populations at different altitudes showed different adaptations to the environment. Our assessment of the conservation status of the hotspots revealed that only 15.1% occur in nature reserves, implying that a large conservation gap remains. In addition, there has been less attention paid to ex situ conservation. As a result, we propose conducting an integrative conservation approach including both in situ and ex situ management to save E. rhytidosperma. Our study lays a solid foundation for the development of targeted conservation strategies for E. rhytidosperma.

Abstract Image

标题麻黄的分布与保存。
随着全球气候变暖和人类活动的日益加剧,许多物种濒临灭绝,全球约28%的现存物种受到威胁,尽管濒危物种的保护已受到全世界的关注。目前还不清楚濒危物种是否得到了适当的保护。麻黄属濒危物种,被列入《中国国家重点保护野生植物名录》(2021年9月发布)。这种灌木是中国西北部贺兰山特有的,在那里它主导着低地植被。我们对该物种的保护进行了综合调查。利用MaxEnt模型,结合环境数据和分布情况,预测了过去、现在和未来气候情景下柽柳的潜在地理分布,并对柽柳的保护现状和保护效果进行了研究。结果表明,潮纹草主要分布在贺兰山低地,但过去和未来的分布格局不同。自末次间冰期以来,该范围已明显缩小并向西迁移,而未来的预估面积则呈现波动型和偏东迁移。降水(Bio14)、温度(Bio9)和坡度(slope)是影响其当前和未来变化范围的主要因素。研究还发现,不同海拔地区的潮胚草种群对环境的适应能力不同。我们对热点地区的保护现状进行了评估,发现仅有15.1%的热点地区出现在自然保护区,这表明保护缺口仍然很大。此外,对迁地保护的关注较少。因此,我们建议采取包括原地管理和移地管理在内的综合保护方法来保护纹草。本研究为制定有针对性的保护策略奠定了坚实的基础。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
4.40
自引率
3.80%
发文量
1027
审稿时长
3-6 weeks
期刊介绍: Ecology and Evolution is the peer reviewed journal for rapid dissemination of research in all areas of ecology, evolution and conservation science. The journal gives priority to quality research reports, theoretical or empirical, that develop our understanding of organisms and their diversity, interactions between them, and the natural environment. Ecology and Evolution gives prompt and equal consideration to papers reporting theoretical, experimental, applied and descriptive work in terrestrial and aquatic environments. The journal will consider submissions across taxa in areas including but not limited to micro and macro ecological and evolutionary processes, characteristics of and interactions between individuals, populations, communities and the environment, physiological responses to environmental change, population genetics and phylogenetics, relatedness and kin selection, life histories, systematics and taxonomy, conservation genetics, extinction, speciation, adaption, behaviour, biodiversity, species abundance, macroecology, population and ecosystem dynamics, and conservation policy.
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