Photocatalytic Applications of Cardanol-Derived meso-Metalloporphyrins Based g-C3N4 Nanocomposites

IF 2.3 4区化学 Q3 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Catalysis Letters Pub Date : 2025-01-03 DOI:10.1007/s10562-024-04916-3

Malena Gomes Martins, Fernando Lima de Menezes, Tiago Melo Freire, Rafaelly Nascimento Araújo, Vitória de Paula Santos, Vivian Stephanie Ferreira Rodrigues, Leonardo Mapurunga de Menezes, Claudenilson da Silva Clemente, Giuseppe Mele, Diego Lomonaco, Pierre Basílio Almeida Fechine, Selma Elaine Mazzetto

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Abstract

Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C₃N₄) is a polymer conjugated composed of carbon and nitrogen atoms in a graphite-like structure. Despite its structure, its catalytic potential is limited due to its small surface area, abundance of electron pairs, and low UV absorption. Recent research has focused on synthesizing nanocomposites from g-C₃N₄ and meso-metalloporphyrins, which exhibit synergistic properties for photocatalysis through π-π interactions. This study aims to synthesize zinc (ZnP) and palladium (PdP) meso-metalloporphyrins from cardanol, a major constituent of cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL), to create g-C₃N₄ nanocomposites. These systems were characterized using UV-vis, FT-IR, NMR, TGA, and SEM, and applied to reduce 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) in wastewater to the less toxic 4-aminophenol (4-AP). The synthesis of g-C₃N₄ with PdP and ZnP produced new nanocomposites, g-C₃N₄/PdP and g-C₃N₄/ZnP, with yields of 43% and 16%, respectively. These materials demonstrated significant success in the photocatalytic reduction of 4-NP, highlighting the potential of renewable catalysts and promoting cleaner chemical processes, thereby reducing environmental impact.

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来源期刊

Catalysis Letters 化学-物理化学

CiteScore

5.70

自引率

3.60%

发文量

327

审稿时长

1 months

期刊介绍： Catalysis Letters aim is the rapid publication of outstanding and high-impact original research articles in catalysis. The scope of the journal covers a broad range of topics in all fields of both applied and theoretical catalysis, including heterogeneous, homogeneous and biocatalysis. The high-quality original research articles published in Catalysis Letters are subject to rigorous peer review. Accepted papers are published online first and subsequently in print issues. All contributions must include a graphical abstract. Manuscripts should be written in English and the responsibility lies with the authors to ensure that they are grammatically and linguistically correct. Authors for whom English is not the working language are encouraged to consider using a professional language-editing service before submitting their manuscripts.